与埃塞俄比亚女性首次婚姻离婚相关的因素：对 2016 年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查数据的进一步分析。
Factors associated with divorce from first union among women in Ethiopia: Further analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia demographic and health survey data.
机构信息
Department of Reproductive Health and Population Studies, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Health Services Management, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2020 Dec 15;15(12):e0244014. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244014. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
Globally, divorce is a common phenomenon in couples' marital life. As a result, many divorced couples and their children face several social, economic, and health problems after dissolution. There is little information on the magnitude and determinants of divorce in developing countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of divorce from the first union and its predictors among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia.
METHODS
We used the 2016 Ethiopia demographic and health survey data for this analysis. The survey was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted from January 18 to June 27, 2016. The survey employed a two-stage stratified cluster sampling technique. A total of 11,646 ever-married women were included in the analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistics regression was done to identify the determinants of divorce from the first marriage. A p-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.
RESULTS
About 25% (95%CI: 23.4% - 26.6%) ever-married women were divorced from their first marital relationship. Women who were married at age < 15 years (AOR = 1.34; 95%CI: 1.07-1.68), urban women (AOR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.22-2.35), women who did not attend formal education (AOR = 4.36; 95%CI: 3.14-6.05), women who were employed (AOR = 1.51; 95%CI: 1.31-1.73), and being childless (AOR = 1.34; 95%CI: 1.07-1.69) had higher odds of experiencing a divorce. Similarly, women who experienced partner violence, women with no house ownership, and women in the Amhara region had higher odds of divorce from their first marital union. Conversely, women in Oromia, SNNPR, the metropolis, and the pastoral regions had lower odds of divorce from their first marital union.
CONCLUSION
Divorce from the first marriage is high in Ethiopia. Preventing early marriage and partner violence and promoting girls' education would reduce the divorce rate in Ethiopia.
背景
在全球范围内，离婚是夫妻婚姻生活中的一种常见现象。因此，许多离婚夫妻及其子女在离婚后会面临一系列社会、经济和健康问题。在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的发展中国家，离婚的规模和决定因素的相关信息较少。因此，本研究旨在估计埃塞俄比亚育龄妇女中首次婚姻离婚的流行率及其决定因素。
方法
我们使用了 2016 年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查的数据进行分析。该调查是一项基于社区的横断面研究，于 2016 年 1 月 18 日至 6 月 27 日进行。调查采用了两阶段分层聚类抽样技术。共纳入了 11646 名已婚妇女进行分析。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归来确定首次婚姻离婚的决定因素。p 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
结果
约 25%（95%CI：23.4%-26.6%）的已婚妇女与首次婚姻关系离婚。15 岁以下结婚的妇女（AOR=1.34；95%CI：1.07-1.68）、城市妇女（AOR=1.69；95%CI：1.22-2.35）、未接受正规教育的妇女（AOR=4.36；95%CI：3.14-6.05）、就业妇女（AOR=1.51；95%CI：1.31-1.73）和无子女的妇女（AOR=1.34；95%CI：1.07-1.69）离婚的可能性更高。同样，经历过伴侣暴力的妇女、没有房屋所有权的妇女以及阿姆哈拉地区的妇女，其首次婚姻离婚的可能性更高。相反，奥罗莫、南南合作、大都市和牧区的妇女首次婚姻离婚的可能性较低。
结论
在埃塞俄比亚，首次婚姻离婚率较高。预防早婚和伴侣暴力，促进女孩教育，将有助于降低埃塞俄比亚的离婚率。
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