Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Paraíba, Paraíba 58015-020, Brazil.
Graduate Program of Industrial Engineering, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia 40210-630, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 10;17(24):9244. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17249244.
This study aims to evaluate the level of technical efficiency of companies that perform the integrated management of basic sanitation in Brazilian municipalities. A Multiple Data Envelopment Analysis (M-DEA) model was applied to estimate the performance of water supply and sewage services in 1628 municipalities covering more than 56% of the Brazilian population, identifying the factors that most influence the efficiency of the sector in the years 2008 and 2016. The M-DEA methodology is an extension of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with multiple DEA executions considering all combinations of inputs and outputs to calculate efficiency scores. The methodology reduces possible biases in the selection of resources and products of the model, ability to support decision-making in favor of improvements in the sector's efficiency based on national regulatory framework. The analyses show that the companies analyzed can increase their operating results and attendance coverage by more than 60%, given the current levels of infrastructure, human and financial resources in the sector. Based on the simulation of potential efficiency gains in Brazilian basic sanitation companies, the estimates show that the coverage of the population with access to sanitary sewage would go from the current 59.9% to 76.5%. The evidence found provides indications to subsidize sanitation management in the country at the micro-analytical level, enabling a better competitive position in the sector for the integrated management of basic sanitation and its universalization in Brazil.
本研究旨在评估巴西市政当局实施基本卫生综合管理的公司的技术效率水平。应用了多数据数据包络分析（M-DEA）模型来评估 1628 个覆盖超过 56%的巴西人口的市政当局的供水和污水服务绩效，确定了在 2008 年和 2016 年影响该部门效率的最重要因素。M-DEA 方法是数据包络分析（DEA）的扩展，通过考虑所有输入和输出的组合进行多次 DEA 执行，以计算效率得分。该方法减少了模型资源和产品选择中的可能偏差，能够根据国家监管框架支持有利于提高部门效率的决策。分析表明，考虑到当前的基础设施、人力和财政资源水平，所分析的公司可以将其运营成果和服务覆盖率提高 60%以上。基于对巴西基本卫生公司潜在效率提高的模拟，估计表明，目前有卫生污水接入的人口覆盖率将从目前的 59.9%提高到 76.5%。所发现的证据表明，可以在微观分析层面上为该国的卫生管理提供补贴，从而为基本卫生综合管理在该国的竞争地位和普及提供更好的支持。
