Center for Translational and Advanced Animal Research on Human Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Dev Growth Differ. 2021 Jan;63(1):93-99. doi: 10.1111/dgd.12705. Epub 2021 Jan 7.
Neural crest (NC) cells give rise to a wide variety of cell types and tissues, such as neurons and glial cells in the peripheral nervous system. Sox2, which encodes an HMG-box transcription factor, is known to mediate pluripotency of primordial germ cells and embryonic stem (ES)/induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, and to regulate central nervous system development. Previous studies have revealed that Sox2 is also an important regulator of NC development. This review summarizes the well-established inhibitory roles of Sox2 in NC formation and subsequent neuronal differentiation of NC-derived cells. This review also covers recent studies suggesting additional roles for Sox2 in early NC development, neurogenesis, and glial differentiation of NC-derived cells.
神经嵴（NC）细胞产生多种细胞类型和组织，如周围神经系统中的神经元和神经胶质细胞。Sox2 编码一个 HMG 盒转录因子，已知介导原始生殖细胞和胚胎干细胞（ES）/诱导多能干细胞（iPS）的多能性，并调节中枢神经系统的发育。先前的研究表明 Sox2 也是 NC 发育的重要调节因子。本综述总结了 Sox2 在 NC 形成和随后的 NC 衍生细胞神经元分化中的既定抑制作用。本综述还涵盖了最近的研究，表明 Sox2 在早期 NC 发育、神经发生和 NC 衍生细胞的神经胶质分化中具有额外的作用。
