Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia - COPPE, Instituto Virtual Internacional de Mudanças Globais - IVIG, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Instituto de Biologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Polychaeta, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Braz J Biol. 2021 Jul-Sep;81(3):750-764. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.230792.
Soft-bottom macrobenthic invertebrates are sensitive to natural or anthropogenic changes in aquatic ecosystems. The distribution patterns of sublittoral macrobenthic species in Guanabara Bay were studied from 2005 to 2007. Samples were collected at ten stations during six surveys throughout the rainfall regime (dry, early and late rainy). Ten replicates were collected at each station by Gravity corer or skin diving. Van Dorn bottles (bottom water) and by Ekman sediment sampler (granulometry) provided material for abiotic data. Stations were grouped into sectors (Entrance, Intermediary and Inner) based on abiotic data and location. The Redundancy Analysis (RDA) and Parsimonious RDA for all years and each annual cycle showed indicator taxa with high dominance in each sector. PERMANOVA indicated a regular seasonality between the surveys for the first annual cycle (p <0.05), and an atypical pattern for the second (p> 0.05), possibly due the low rainfall observed during this period. The mosaic of soft-bottom substrates infers structural variables, and patterns of temporal distribution were basically influenced by parameters those indicating pollution and the SACW (South Atlantic Central Water) intrusion, as well as ecological attributes among species, such as: predation, competition. The Ervilia concentrica and Cypridinidae could be used as indicators for anthropic and natural impacts in the Guanabara Bay for the Entrance sector, while Cyprideis salebrosa and Cyprideis sp. for the Intermediary sector and Heleobia australis for the Inner sector.
软底大型底栖无脊椎动物对水生生态系统的自然或人为变化敏感。本研究于 2005 年至 2007 年期间对瓜纳巴拉湾的亚潮带大型底栖物种的分布模式进行了研究。在整个降雨期（旱季、早雨季和晚雨季）的六次调查中，在十个站位采集了样本。每个站位通过重力取样器或潜水采集 10 个重复样本。Van Dorn 瓶（底层水）和 Ekman 沉积物取样器（粒度）提供了用于非生物数据的材料。根据非生物数据和位置，将站位分为三个扇区（入口区、中间区和内部区）。所有年份和每个年度周期的冗余分析（RDA）和简约冗余分析（Parsimonious RDA）均显示出每个扇区具有高优势度的指示生物。PERMANOVA 分析表明，在第一个年度周期的调查之间存在规则的季节性（p<0.05），而在第二个年度周期中则存在非典型模式（p>0.05），这可能是由于在此期间观察到的降雨量较低所致。软底基质的镶嵌结构推断出结构变量，时间分布模式主要受到指示污染和南大西洋中央水（South Atlantic Central Water）入侵的参数以及物种之间的生态属性的影响，例如捕食、竞争。在瓜纳巴拉湾的入口区，Ervilia concentrica 和 Cypridinidae 可作为人为和自然影响的指示生物，而 Cyprideis salebrosa 和 Cyprideis sp. 可作为中间区的指示生物，Heleobia australis 可作为内部区的指示生物。
