大麻的成分。
Constituents of Cannabis Sativa.
机构信息
Department of Psychology and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
出版信息
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1264:1-13. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-57369-0_1.
The Cannabis sativa plant has been used medicinally and recreationally for thousands of years, but recently only relatively some of its constituents have been identified. There are more than 550 chemical compounds in cannabis, with more than 100 phytocannabinoids being identified, including Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). These phytocannabinoids work by binding to the cannabinoid receptors, as well as other receptor systems. Also within cannabis are the aromatic terpenes, more than 100 of which have been identified. Cannabis and its constituents have been indicated as therapeutic compounds in numerous medical conditions, such as pain, anxiety, epilepsy, nausea and vomiting, and post-traumatic stress disorder. This chapter provides an overview of some of the biological effects of a number of the cannabinoids and terpenes, as well as discussing their known mechanisms of action and evidence of potential therapeutic effects.
大麻植物已经被药用和娱乐用了几千年，但最近才确定了其部分成分。大麻中含有超过 550 种化学物质，已经鉴定出 100 多种植物大麻素，包括 Δ-四氢大麻酚（THC）和大麻二酚（CBD）。这些植物大麻素通过与大麻素受体以及其他受体系统结合发挥作用。大麻中还含有芳香萜烯，已经鉴定出超过 100 种。大麻及其成分已被证明是多种医学疾病的治疗化合物，如疼痛、焦虑、癫痫、恶心和呕吐以及创伤后应激障碍。本章概述了一些大麻素和萜烯的生物学作用，并讨论了它们已知的作用机制和潜在治疗效果的证据。
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