Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; Centro per lo studio e la terapia dei disturbi della personalità (C.R.E.S.T), Milan, Italy.
Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 1;219:108439. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108439. Epub 2020 Nov 25.
Due to the high pressure they sustain, family members of substance users are thought to experience negative consequences in mental and physical health. This scoping review provided a comprehensive overview on the mental and physical health of adult Affected Family Members (AFMs).
We searched in-journal English articles in PubMed, with no date limit, guided by the concepts of stress, strain, and burden, and including several terms related to substance use. Eligibility criteria included focus on adult AFMs, mental and physical health, and clinical forms of substance use.
PubMed search identified 3549 articles, with 46 additional papers from other sources. Fifty-six articles were included, quantitative (N = 39), qualitative (N = 15) and both (N = 2). Quantitative findings show that AFMs are subject to increased stress and burden, and impaired mental health. Variable rates of physical problems emerge, with some medical conditions being more common among AFMs of substance users versus controls. Finally, evidence shows increased risk for aggression and reduced quality of life and social adjustment. AFMs report higher stress and strain if they are women, in low socio-economic families, and co-habiting with more severe substance users. Qualitative studies additionally suggest that stigma, self-blame, and social isolation are common.
AFMs of substance users represent a population at higher risk for negative health-related outcomes and should be systematically regarded as targets for treatment.
由于承受的高压，药物使用者的家庭成员被认为会在身心健康方面遭受负面影响。本范围综述全面概述了成年受影响家庭成员（AFFs）的身心健康状况。
我们在 PubMed 中以压力、紧张和负担的概念为指导，搜索了无时间限制的英文期刊文章，并包含了一些与药物使用相关的术语。纳入标准包括关注成年 AFFs、身心健康以及药物使用的临床形式。
PubMed 搜索共确定了 3549 篇文章，另有 46 篇来自其他来源的文章。共纳入 56 篇文章，其中定量研究（N=39）、定性研究（N=15）和两者都有的研究（N=2）。定量研究结果表明，AFFs 面临更高的压力和负担，以及心理健康受损。出现了不同的身体问题发生率，一些医学状况在药物使用者的 AFFs 中比对照组更为常见。最后，有证据表明，攻击性、生活质量和社会适应能力下降的风险增加。如果 AFFs 是女性、来自社会经济地位较低的家庭且与更严重的药物使用者共同居住，她们报告的压力和紧张感会更高。定性研究还表明，耻辱感、自责和社会孤立很常见。
药物使用者的 AFFs 代表了一个面临更高负面健康相关结果风险的人群，应系统地将其视为治疗的目标。
