Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
J Affect Disord. 2021 Feb 15;281:220-227. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.009. Epub 2020 Dec 9.
Depression have become a widespread health concern in Chinese society.
We analyzed the factors influencing the risk of depression among residents aged 16 and over using data from the 2016 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), in which depression was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D20) scale. A total of 26,464 individuals were sampled in a weighted manner to represent the entire country. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to explore the risk factors for depression and the odds of depression in people with different characteristics.
A total of 76.6% of adult residents were mentally healthy. Females had higher rates of depression than males (OR=1.515). There was an "inverted U-shaped" distribution between age and risk of depression. Higher levels of education and better physiological health were associated with a lower risk of depression. Self-evaluated income and social status were not linearly related to the risk of depression but rather had a "U-shaped" distribution. For social capital, better social relationships and a higher level of social trust were associated with a lower risk of depression. Nonsmokers had a lower risk of depression than smokers (OR=0.818).
All items were self-reported and some results depend on single item responses. This is a cross-sectional survey so that causative interpretations cannot be drawn.
These findings suggest potential public health measures whose efficacy needs to be tested and confirmed.
抑郁已成为中国社会广泛存在的健康问题。
我们使用 2016 年中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）的数据，分析了影响 16 岁及以上居民抑郁风险的因素，其中抑郁采用中心流行病学研究抑郁量表（CES-D20）进行衡量。采用加权方式对 26464 名个体进行抽样，以代表全国。采用单因素和多因素分析探讨不同特征人群的抑郁风险因素和抑郁发生率。
共有 76.6%的成年居民心理健康。女性的抑郁发生率高于男性（OR=1.515）。年龄与抑郁风险之间呈“倒 U 型”分布。较高的教育水平和较好的生理健康状况与较低的抑郁风险相关。自评收入和社会地位与抑郁风险不是线性相关，而是呈“U 型”分布。对于社会资本，更好的社会关系和更高的社会信任度与较低的抑郁风险相关。不吸烟者的抑郁风险低于吸烟者（OR=0.818）。
所有项目均为自我报告，部分结果取决于单项回答。这是一项横断面调查，因此不能进行因果推断。
这些发现提示了一些可能的公共卫生措施，需要进行测试和验证。
