中国农民工主观社会地位与抑郁症状之间工作公平性和职业倦怠的中介作用：代际差异分析

The mediating role of job fairness and job burnout between subjective social status and depressive symptoms in Chinese migrant workers: a generational difference analysis.

作者信息

Deng Yuanping, Huang Jiahui, Fang Juan, Wu Shaochang, Zheng Yawen, Chen Li

机构信息

Normal College, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.

School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2025 Jan 7;25(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-21207-z.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-21207-z

PMID:39773195

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11705750/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

In China, migrant workers (MWs) constitute a significant vulnerable group that may be highly susceptible to depression. However, there is a lack of empirical research exploring the correlation between subjective social status (SSS) and depressive symptoms among MWs. The objective of this study is to examine the mediating roles of job fairness and job burnout, as well as to investigate potential generational differences in this association.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted in China among two groups of 1,158 MWs (response rate, 89.08%): first generation migrant workers (FGMWs) and new generation migrant workers (NGMWs). The survey assessed SSS, depressive symptoms, job fairness, and job burnout using a questionnaire. Structural equation model was used to primarily analyze mediating roles of job fairness and job burnout in the relationship between SSS and depressive symptoms, as well as to explore potential generational differences in this association.

RESULTS

The study findings indicate that SSS significantly predicted higher depressive symptoms among MWs. However, the relationship between SSS and depressive symptoms was mediated by job fairness or job burnout. Notably, the indirect effect of SSS on depressive symptoms through job burnout was significant for FGMWs, but not for NGMWs.

CONCLUSION

This study fills a critical gap in understanding the connections between SSS, depressive symptoms, job fairness, and job burnout among MWs in China. It emphasizes the role of job fairness and job burnout as significant mediators that either worsen or alleviate the impact of SSS on depressive symptoms among MWs. Moreover, the findings suggest that the mediation differs significantly between FGMWs and NGMWs. These findings imply the need for different intervention methods to address the depressive symptoms of the two generations of MWs.

摘要

背景

在中国，农民工是一个庞大的弱势群体，可能极易患上抑郁症。然而，目前缺乏实证研究来探讨农民工主观社会地位（SSS）与抑郁症状之间的相关性。本研究的目的是检验工作公平性和工作倦怠的中介作用，并调查这种关联中潜在的代际差异。

方法

在中国对两组共1158名农民工（回复率89.08%）进行了横断面研究，这两组分别是第一代农民工（FGMWs）和新生代农民工（NGMWs）。通过问卷调查评估了SSS、抑郁症状、工作公平性和工作倦怠。采用结构方程模型主要分析工作公平性和工作倦怠在SSS与抑郁症状关系中的中介作用，并探讨这种关联中潜在的代际差异。

结果

研究结果表明，SSS显著预测了农民工中较高的抑郁症状。然而，SSS与抑郁症状之间的关系由工作公平性或工作倦怠介导。值得注意的是，SSS通过工作倦怠对抑郁症状的间接效应在第一代农民工中显著，但在新生代农民工中不显著。

结论

本研究填补了理解中国农民工中SSS、抑郁症状、工作公平性和工作倦怠之间联系的关键空白。它强调了工作公平性和工作倦怠作为重要中介的作用，它们要么加剧要么减轻了SSS对农民工抑郁症状的影响。此外，研究结果表明第一代农民工和新生代农民工之间的中介作用存在显著差异。这些发现意味着需要采用不同的干预方法来解决两代农民工的抑郁症状。