Zhuo Renfu, Quan Weiwei, Huang Xiaozhong, He Qiang, Sun Zhonggui, Zhang Zhiya, Wang Jun
School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
Nanotechnology. 2021 Apr 2;32(14):145402. doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/abd4a1.
Tin/carbon (Sn/C) nanocomposite is considered as a promising anode material for high-performance Li-ion batteries (LIBs). However, since the carbon matrix is always derived from high-temperature carbonization of polymers and Sn has a low melting point (232 °C), the Sn nanoparticles in the Sn/C tend to be heavily aggregated during the carbonization process. It is thus challenging to synthesize well-dispersed Sn nanoparticles in a carbon matrix. Here, we report a facile templating method to encapsulate uniform well-dispersed Sn nanoparticles in amorphous carbon tube (Sn@aCT). The electrode fabricated with the hierarchical Sn@aCT exhibits excellent cycle performance. A stable specific capacity of 870 mAh g after 350 cycles and a Li-ion diffusion coefficient as high as [Formula: see text] are obtained. Meanwhile, the intermediate structure of SnO@aCT and a carbon-coated Sn yolk-shell nanostructure (Sn@C-YS) are investigated for comparison. The results further manifest the advantage of the architecture of the Sn@aCT. Our strategy provides a feasible way to optimize Sn/C nanocomposite as a high-performance anode material for LIBs.
锡/碳（Sn/C）纳米复合材料被认为是一种用于高性能锂离子电池（LIBs）的有前途的负极材料。然而，由于碳基体总是由聚合物的高温碳化得到，且锡的熔点较低（232℃），在碳化过程中Sn/C中的锡纳米颗粒容易严重团聚。因此，在碳基体中合成分散良好的锡纳米颗粒具有挑战性。在此，我们报道了一种简便的模板法，将均匀分散的锡纳米颗粒封装在非晶碳管（Sn@aCT）中。用分级结构的Sn@aCT制备的电极表现出优异的循环性能。在350次循环后获得了870 mAh g的稳定比容量和高达[公式：见原文]的锂离子扩散系数。同时，研究了SnO@aCT的中间结构和碳包覆的锡蛋黄壳纳米结构（Sn@C-YS）以作比较。结果进一步证明了Sn@aCT结构的优势。我们的策略为优化Sn/C纳米复合材料作为LIBs的高性能负极材料提供了一种可行的方法。
