Zhang L K, Zhang Y Q, Zhang Q, Sun J H, Zhao M, Xi B
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University/Children Cardiovascular Research Center of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
Department of Food Nutrition and Child Health Care, Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zibo 255026, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2020 Dec 6;54(12):1396-1401. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200610-00859.
To analyze the association between elevated blood pressure (BP) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in children according to four BP references. Study population came from"Huantai Childhood Cardiovascular Health Cohort Study"in Huantai County, Zibo City, Shandong Province. A convenient cluster sampling method was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey on 1 515 children from November 2017 to January 2018 in a primary school. A total of 1 431 children aged 6-11 years old with complete data were included in this study. Data on demographic characteristics, BP and cIMT were collected through questionnaire survey, physical examination and ultrasound examination. High cIMT was defined as the level of cIMT ≥ age-and sex-specific 90 percentile of this study population. Based on the Chinese Guideline reference, the Health Industry reference, the International reference and the U.S. reference, all participants were divided into three subgroups: the normal BP, high normal BP and, elevated BP. The multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the association between BP status and high cIMT in children. The age of children was (8.9±1.5) years, and boys accounted for 53.4% (=682). The multivariate logistic regression models showed that after adjusting for relevant confounding factors, the risk of high cIMT in elevated BP group was increased compared with the normal BP group according to the four references (all values<0.05) Elevated BP according to the four BP references is associated with high cIMT in children.
根据四种血压参考标准分析儿童血压升高与颈动脉内膜中层厚度（cIMT）之间的关联。研究人群来自山东省淄博市桓台县的“桓台儿童心血管健康队列研究”。采用便利整群抽样方法，于2017年11月至2018年1月在一所小学对1515名儿童进行横断面调查。本研究共纳入1431名6-11岁且数据完整的儿童。通过问卷调查、体格检查和超声检查收集人口统计学特征、血压和cIMT数据。高cIMT定义为本研究人群中cIMT水平≥年龄和性别特异性第90百分位数。根据中国指南参考标准、卫生行业参考标准、国际参考标准和美国参考标准，将所有参与者分为三个亚组：正常血压组、正常高值血压组和血压升高组。采用多因素logistic回归模型检验儿童血压状态与高cIMT之间的关联。儿童年龄为（8.9±1.5）岁，男孩占53.4%（=682）。多因素logistic回归模型显示，在校正相关混杂因素后，根据四种参考标准，血压升高组高cIMT的风险均高于正常血压组（所有P值<0.05）。根据四种血压参考标准，儿童血压升高与高cIMT相关。
