Ghosh Srabanti, Das Suparna, Mosquera Marta E G
Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad de Alcala (UAH), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
Polymers (Basel). 2020 Dec 15;12(12):2993. doi: 10.3390/polym12122993.
Carbon materials such as carbon graphitic structures, carbon nanotubes, and graphene nanosheets are extensively used as supports for electrocatalysts in fuel cells. Alternatively, conducting polymers displayed ultrahigh electrical conductivity and high chemical stability havegenerated an intense research interest as catalysts support for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) as well as microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Moreover, metal or metal oxides catalysts can be immobilized on the pure polymer or the functionalized polymer surface to generate conducting polymer-based nanohybrids (CPNHs) with improved catalytic performance and stability. Metal oxides generally have large surface area and/or porous structures and showed unique synergistic effects with CPs. Therefore, a stable, environmentally friendly bio/electro-catalyst can be obtained with CPNHs along with better catalytic activity and enhanced electron-transfer rate. The mass activity of Pd/polypyrrole (PPy) CPNHs as an anode material for ethanol oxidation is 7.5 and 78 times higher than that of commercial Pd/C and bulk Pd/PPy. The Pd rich multimetallic alloys incorporated on PPy nanofibers exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity which is approximately 5.5 times higher than monometallic counter parts. Similarly, binary and ternary Pt-rich electrocatalysts demonstrated superior catalytic activity for the methanol oxidation, and the catalytic activity of PtPdAu/PPy significantly improved up to 12.5 A per mg Pt, which is approximately15 times higher than commercial Pt/C (0.85 A per mg Pt). The recent progress on CPNH materials as anode/cathode and membranes for fuel cell has been systematically reviewed, with detailed understandings into the characteristics, modifications, and performances of the electrode materials.
碳材料，如碳石墨结构、碳纳米管和石墨烯纳米片，被广泛用作燃料电池中电催化剂的载体。另外，具有超高电导率和高化学稳定性的导电聚合物作为聚合物电解质膜燃料电池（PEMFC）以及微生物燃料电池（MFC）的催化剂载体引起了广泛的研究兴趣。此外，金属或金属氧化物催化剂可以固定在纯聚合物或功能化聚合物表面，以生成具有改善的催化性能和稳定性的基于导电聚合物的纳米杂化物（CPNH）。金属氧化物通常具有大表面积和/或多孔结构，并与导电聚合物表现出独特的协同效应。因此，CPNH可以获得稳定、环境友好的生物/电催化剂，同时具有更好的催化活性和提高的电子转移速率。作为乙醇氧化阳极材料的Pd/聚吡咯（PPy）CPNH的质量活性分别比商业Pd/C和块状Pd/PPy高7.5倍和78倍。掺入PPy纳米纤维中的富钯多金属合金表现出优异的电催化活性，比单金属对应物高约5.5倍。同样，二元和三元富铂电催化剂对甲醇氧化表现出优异的催化活性，PtPdAu/PPy的催化活性显著提高至每毫克铂12.5 A，约为商业Pt/C（每毫克铂0.85 A）的15倍。本文系统综述了CPNH材料作为燃料电池阳极/阴极和膜的最新进展，并详细了解了电极材料的特性、改性和性能。
