在澳大利亚，我们是否需要担心老年女性的性传播感染（STIs）？对 2000 年至 2018 年期间 STI 趋势的调查。

Do we need to worry about sexually transmissible infections (STIs) in older women in Australia? An investigation of STI trends between 2000 and 2018.

机构信息

Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia; and Corresponding author. Email:

Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia; and National Ageing Research Institute, Poplar Road, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia.

出版信息

Sex Health. 2020 Dec;17(6):517-524. doi: 10.1071/SH20130.

DOI:10.1071/SH20130

PMID:33334416

Abstract

UNLABELLED

Background This study examined trends in chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis diagnosis, and chlamydia testing and positivity, among older women in Australia between 2000 and 2018.

METHODS

Using national notifiable disease data and Medicare data, diagnosis rates were calculated for each sexually transmissible infection (STI), as well as testing and positivity rates for chlamydia. Data were compared between two older groups (55-64 and 65-74 years) and two younger groups (15-24 and 25-34 years). Poisson regression examined trends for 2000-18 and 2014-18 separately.

RESULTS

Rates for all STIs increased across all age groups and were highest in the two youngest age groups. From 2014 to 2018, chlamydia rates increased the most among those aged 55-64 years [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.06; 95%CI: 1.02-1.10] and declined in those aged 15-24 years (IRR = 0.99; 95%CI: 0.99-0.99). Gonorrhoea rates increased the most among those aged 65-74 years (IRR = 1.47; 95%CI: 1.23-1.77) and least in those aged 15-24 years (IRR = 1.12; 95%CI: 1.10-1.13). Syphilis rates increased the most among those aged 55-64 years (IRR = 1.58; 95%CI: 1.25-1.99) and least in those aged 15-24 years (IRR = 1.29; 95%CI: 1.23-1.35). Chlamydia test positivity declined among younger women but remained stable in older women.

CONCLUSIONS

In general, STIs are increasing among older women in Australia at a faster rate than among younger women. Although the greatest burden is among younger women, STIs need to be considered and monitored among older women.

摘要

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背景本研究调查了 2000 年至 2018 年期间澳大利亚老年女性中衣原体、淋病和梅毒的诊断趋势，以及衣原体检测和阳性率。使用国家传染病报告数据和医疗保险数据，计算了每种性传播感染（STI）的诊断率，以及衣原体的检测和阳性率。将两个较老年组（55-64 岁和 65-74 岁）和两个较年轻组（15-24 岁和 25-34 岁）的数据进行了比较。泊松回归分别检查了 2000-18 年和 2014-18 年的趋势。结果所有 STI 的发病率在所有年龄组中均呈上升趋势，在两个最年轻的年龄组中最高。从 2014 年到 2018 年，55-64 岁年龄组的衣原体发病率增长最多[发病率比（IRR）=1.06；95%CI：1.02-1.10]，而 15-24 岁年龄组的发病率则下降（IRR=0.99；95%CI：0.99-0.99）。淋病发病率在 65-74 岁年龄组中增长最多（IRR=1.47；95%CI：1.23-1.77），在 15-24 岁年龄组中增长最少（IRR=1.12；95%CI：1.10-1.13）。梅毒发病率在 55-64 岁年龄组中增长最多（IRR=1.58；95%CI：1.25-1.99），在 15-24 岁年龄组中增长最少（IRR=1.29；95%CI：1.23-1.35）。年轻女性的衣原体检测阳性率下降，但老年女性的阳性率保持稳定。结论总的来说，澳大利亚老年女性的性传播感染率呈上升趋势，速度快于年轻女性。尽管年轻女性的负担最大，但仍需考虑和监测老年女性的性传播感染。