Mohammadian Esmaeil, Alizadeh-Sani Mahmood, Jafari Seid Mahdi
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2020 Nov;19(6):2885-2931. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12635. Epub 2020 Oct 20.
The development of smart packaging and innovation in common food packaging technology will greatly help to meet market needs, including consumer preference for "safe" foods, high-quality products and mitigate the negative environmental impacts of food packaging. In addition, consumers' tendency to use natural ingredients such as pigments and biopolymers has provided the basis for their application in the food industry, including smart food packaging. Hence, smart packaging in addition to protecting food products against environmental damage can also reveal a sign (colorimetric, chemical, electric, etc.) in real time in response to any changes in the packaging conditions and food quality. This comprehensive review emphasizes on the gas/temperature-sensitive smart films based on natural colorants and their key applications in the food packaging systems. Technological considerations associated with the natural colorant-responsive films, smart packaging, biopolymers, and importance of natural colorants versus synthetic dyes are investigated. In practice, the most common designed colorimetric indicators for monitoring gas and temperature changes and application of relevant smart films in real food models have also been discussed. Gas and time-temperature indicators provide a rapid, reliable, and online assessment and a visual indication of the food product quality level, usually through a color change, which is directly related to gas and temperature conditions during distribution and storage of relevant food products. However, future studies need to consider main points such as cost, consumers' acceptance, and confidence, regulatory aspects (i.e., labeling) and multifunctionality of smart packaging to be commercially sustainable.
智能包装的发展以及常见食品包装技术的创新将极大地有助于满足市场需求，包括消费者对“安全”食品、高品质产品的偏好，并减轻食品包装对环境的负面影响。此外，消费者使用天然成分（如色素和生物聚合物）的趋势为其在食品工业（包括智能食品包装）中的应用提供了基础。因此，智能包装除了能保护食品免受环境损害外，还能根据包装条件和食品质量的任何变化实时显示一种信号（比色、化学、电等）。这篇综述着重介绍了基于天然色素的气敏/温敏智能薄膜及其在食品包装系统中的关键应用。研究了与天然色素响应薄膜、智能包装、生物聚合物相关的技术考量，以及天然色素与合成染料相比的重要性。实际上，还讨论了用于监测气体和温度变化的最常见设计比色指示剂，以及相关智能薄膜在实际食品模型中的应用。气体和时间 - 温度指示剂通常通过颜色变化提供快速、可靠的在线评估以及食品产品质量水平的视觉指示，这与相关食品在分销和储存期间的气体和温度条件直接相关。然而，未来的研究需要考虑成本、消费者接受度和信心、监管方面（即标签）以及智能包装的多功能性等要点，以实现商业可持续性。
