College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2020 Jul;19(4):1243-1267. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12560. Epub 2020 Jun 22.
Consumption of phytosterols (PSs), the plant-based analogs of cholesterol, can reduce serum cholesterol levels. This review discusses the current state of the art into the research of the structural features and dietary sources of PSs and their derivatives. The effect of PSs on individual lipid metabolites is summarized in the present review. PS-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity, and the alleviation of inflammatory bowel diseases are discussed. PSs reduce the risk of having NAFLD by improving the blood biochemical parameters related to lipid transport and metabolism. However, current research on the circulating PSs indicates its safety concern regarding fatty liver disease induction. In addition, PS oxidation products exhibit pro-atherogenic properties, cytotoxicity oxidative stress, apoptosis, and pro-inflammatory properties. Further research is needed to investigate the bioavailability and safety issues of PSs and their derivatives in animal models and clinical trials.
植物固醇（PSs）是胆固醇的植物类似物，其摄入可降低血清胆固醇水平。本文综述了 PSs 及其衍生物的结构特征、饮食来源和研究现状。总结了 PSs 对个体脂质代谢物的影响。本文还讨论了 PS 相关的非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）、肥胖和炎症性肠病的缓解。PSs 通过改善与脂质转运和代谢相关的血液生化参数来降低患 NAFLD 的风险。然而，目前关于循环 PSs 的研究表明其在诱导脂肪肝方面存在安全隐患。此外，PS 氧化产物具有促动脉粥样硬化、细胞毒性、氧化应激、细胞凋亡和促炎作用。需要进一步研究以评估 PSs 及其衍生物在动物模型和临床试验中的生物利用度和安全性问题。
