LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain; and.
School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, the University of Newcastle (UON), Ourimbah, NSW, Australia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2021 Feb 1;35(2):353-359. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003897.
Romero-Parra, N, Rael, B, Alfaro-Magallanes, VM, Janse de Jonge, X, Cupeiro, R, and Peinado, AB; On Behalf of the IronFEMME Study Group. The effect of the oral contraceptive cycle phase on exercise-induced muscle damage after eccentric exercise in resistance-trained women. J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 353-359, 2021-To evaluate the influence of the active pill phase versus withdrawal phase of a monophasic oral contraceptive (OC) cycle on exercise-induced muscle damage and inflammation after eccentric resistance exercise. Eighteen resistance-trained female OC users (age: 25.6 ± 4.2 years, height: 162.4 ± 5.0 cm, and body mass: 58.1 ± 5.7 kg) performed an eccentric squat-based exercise during the active pill phase and withdrawal phase of their OC cycle. Muscle soreness, counter movement jump (CMJ), and blood markers of muscle damage and inflammation were evaluated before and postexercise (0, 2, 24, and 48 hours). Creatine kinase (CK) values were higher in the withdrawal (181.8 ± 89.8 U·L-1) than in the active pill phase (144.0 ± 39.7 U·L-1) (p < 0.001). The highest CK concentrations and muscle soreness values were observed 24 hours postexercise (217.9 ± 117.5 U·L-1 and 44.7 ± 19.7, respectively) compared with baseline (115.3 ± 37.4 U·L-1 and 4.4 ± 9.2, respectively; p < 0.001). In addition, a decrease in CMJ immediately postexercise (20.23 ± 4.6 cm) was observed in comparison with baseline (24.2 ± 6.1 cm), which was not yet recovered 24 hours postexercise (21.9 ± 5.9 cm; p < 0.001). No other phase or time effects were observed. An eccentric squat-based exercise session elicits muscle damage but no inflammation response in resistance-trained women. Furthermore, the highest CK concentrations observed in the withdrawal phase suggest that this phase might be more vulnerable to muscle damage and, therefore, less adequate to administer high training loads. However, the lack of differences in other muscle damage variables between OC phases does not warrant any guidance on the active pill versus withdrawal phase.
罗梅罗-帕拉 N，雷尔 B，阿尔法罗-马加兰内斯 VM，扬斯·德容格 X，奎佩罗 R，佩尼亚多 AB；代表 IronFEMME 研究小组。在进行抗阻训练的女性中，与口服避孕药周期的孕激素期相比，撤退期对离心运动后运动诱导的肌肉损伤的影响。18 名使用口服避孕药（OC）的抗阻训练女性（年龄：25.6±4.2 岁，身高：162.4±5.0cm，体重：58.1±5.7kg）在 OC 周期的孕激素期和撤退期进行了基于离心深蹲的运动。运动前后（0、2、24 和 48 小时）评估肌肉酸痛、反向跳跃（CMJ）和肌肉损伤和炎症的血液标志物。与孕激素期（144.0±39.7U·L-1）相比，撤退期（181.8±89.8U·L-1）的肌酸激酶（CK）值更高（p<0.001）。与基线相比，24 小时后 CK 浓度和肌肉酸痛值最高（217.9±117.5U·L-1和 44.7±19.7，分别）（p<0.001）。此外，与基线相比，运动后即刻 CMJ 下降（20.23±4.6cm）（24.2±6.1cm；p<0.001），24 小时后仍未恢复（21.9±5.9cm）。未观察到其他阶段或时间的影响。基于离心深蹲的运动在抗阻训练女性中引起肌肉损伤但没有炎症反应。此外，在撤退期观察到的最高 CK 浓度表明该期可能更容易受到肌肉损伤的影响，因此不太适合进行高训练负荷。然而，OC 期之间在其他肌肉损伤变量上没有差异，这并不需要对孕激素期与撤退期的使用提供任何指导。
