Role of First-Trimester Serum C1q/TNF-Related Protein 9 in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

BACKGROUND

The current study aims to explore the relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and C1q/TNF-related protein 9 (CTRP9) level in early pregnancy.

METHODS

Clinical data of 63 GDM patients and 70 normal pregnant women were included in the present study. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors for GDM. To determine the value of CTPR9 for predicting GDM, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) was analyzed. Pearson's correlation assay was performed to explore the relationship between serum CTRP9 and body mass index (BMI) or oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

RESULTS

Our data showed that the age, median maternal prepregnancy BMI, and fasting blood glucose during pregnancy of GDM group were significantly higher than those of the control group. ELISA showed the level of first-trimester serum CTRP9 was significantly decreased in GDM patients compared with that of healthy controls. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that first-trimester serum CTRP9 and BMI were risk factors of GDM. The AUC-ROC showed that the diagnostic efficiency of CTRP9 + BMI was much higher than that of BMI alone. Moreover, first-trimester serum CTRP9 was found to be negatively correlated with BMI or OGTT in GDM patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Serum CTRP9 was an independent risk factor for the progression of GDM in pregnant women. Combined use of first-trimester serum CTRP9 and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI may be able to more accurately predict the occurrence of GDM.