Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Neonatology, Faculty Hospital in Pilsen, Czech Republic.
Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2020 Dec;21(4):318-322. doi: 10.23804/ejpd.2020.21.04.11.
To determine the prevalence of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in primary incisors of preterm very low birthweight (VLBW) and extremely low birthweight (ELBW) one-year-old infants and to compare the findings with fullterm one-year-old normal birthweight (NBW) infants.
All infants were enrolled in the case-control study at birth. Personal information and medical histories were obtained through interviews with parents and from medical hospital records. The presence of DDE in primary incisors was evaluated in 82 one-year old preterm infants delivered with VLBW, in 50 ELBW and in 58 fullterm NBW infants. The data were statistically analysed by ANOVA and chi-square tests, and a statistical significance level p<0.05 was established. Results DDE were diagnosed in 19 (23.2 %) preterm VLBW infants, in 27 (54%) ELBW infants and in 4 (6.9%) infants of the control group. The most frequent DDE found in the case group was hypoplasia in 10 (12.2%) VLBW infants and in 14 (28%) ELBW infants. The opacities were found in 6 (7.3%) VLBW infants and in 8 (16%) ELBW infants.
The results of the study confirmed a significantly higher prevalence of DDE in the primary incisors in preterm ELBW infants than in VLBW infants and than in full term NBW infants.
确定早产儿极低出生体重（VLBW）和超低出生体重（ELBW）一岁婴儿的初级切牙发育性牙釉质缺陷（DDE）的患病率，并将其与足月正常出生体重（NBW）一岁婴儿的发现进行比较。
所有婴儿均在出生时参加病例对照研究。通过与父母访谈以及从医疗记录中获取个人信息和病史。在 82 名 VLBW 早产儿、50 名 ELBW 和 58 名足月 NBW 一岁婴儿中评估初级切牙中 DDE 的存在。通过方差分析和卡方检验对数据进行统计学分析，并建立统计学意义水平 p<0.05。结果：在 19 名（23.2%）VLBW 早产儿、27 名（54%）ELBW 婴儿和 4 名（6.9%）对照组婴儿中诊断出 DDE。在病例组中最常见的 DDE 是 10 名（12.2%）VLBW 婴儿和 14 名（28%）ELBW 婴儿的发育不全。6 名（7.3%）VLBW 婴儿和 8 名（16%）ELBW 婴儿出现不透明。
该研究结果证实，ELBW 早产儿的初级切牙中 DDE 的患病率明显高于 VLBW 婴儿和足月 NBW 婴儿。
