Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, Gallos University Campus, University of Crete, Rethymno, 74100, Crete, Greece; University of Crete Research Center for the Humanities, The Social and Educational Sciences, University of Crete, Rethymno, 74100, Crete, Greece.
Mech Ageing Dev. 2021 Mar;194:111415. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111415. Epub 2020 Dec 15.
Working memory refers to a cognitive function that provides temporary storage and manipulation of the information necessary for complex cognitive tasks. Due to its central role in general cognition, several studies have investigated the possibility that training on working memory tasks could improve not only working memory function but also increase other cognitive abilities or modulate other behaviors. This possibility is still highly controversial, with prior studies providing contradictory findings. The lack of systematic approaches and methodological shortcomings complicates this debate even more. This review highlights the impact of working memory training at different ages on humans. Finally, it demonstrates several findings about the neural substrate of training in both humans and experimental animals, including non-human primates and rodents.
工作记忆是一种认知功能，它为复杂认知任务提供了必要的信息的临时存储和操作。由于其在一般认知中的核心作用，有几项研究调查了工作记忆任务训练是否不仅可以改善工作记忆功能，还可以提高其他认知能力或调节其他行为的可能性。这种可能性仍然存在很大争议，先前的研究结果相互矛盾。缺乏系统的方法和方法上的缺陷使这场辩论更加复杂。这篇综述强调了不同年龄段的工作记忆训练对人类的影响。最后，它展示了人类和实验动物（包括非人类灵长类动物和啮齿动物）中训练的神经基质的几个发现。
