Plank Simon, Marchese Francesco, Genzano Nicola, Nolde Michael, Martinis Sandro
German Aerospace Center (DLR), German Remote Sensing Data Center, 82234, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (IMAA), 85050, Tito Scalo, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 18;10(1):22293. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-79261-7.
Satellite-based Earth observation plays a key role for monitoring volcanoes, especially those which are located in remote areas and which very often are not observed by a terrestrial monitoring network. In our study we jointly analyzed data from thermal (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer MODIS and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite VIIRS), optical (Operational Land Imager and Multispectral Instrument) and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) (Sentinel-1 and TerraSAR-X) satellite sensors to investigate the mid-October 2019 surtseyan eruption at Late'iki Volcano, located on the Tonga Volcanic Arc. During the eruption, the remains of an older volcanic island formed in 1995 collapsed and a new volcanic island, called New Late'iki was formed. After the 12 days long lasting eruption, we observed a rapid change of the island's shape and size, and an erosion of this newly formed volcanic island, which was reclaimed by the ocean two months after the eruption ceased. This fast erosion of New Late'iki Island is in strong contrast to the over 25 years long survival of the volcanic island formed in 1995.
基于卫星的地球观测在监测火山方面发挥着关键作用，尤其是那些位于偏远地区且通常未被地面监测网络观测到的火山。在我们的研究中，我们联合分析了来自热红外（中分辨率成像光谱仪MODIS和可见红外成像辐射仪VIIRS）、光学（业务陆地成像仪和多光谱仪器）以及合成孔径雷达（SAR）（哨兵-1和TerraSAR-X）卫星传感器的数据，以研究2019年10月中旬发生在汤加火山弧上的拉泰伊基火山的苏特西式喷发。在喷发期间，1995年形成的一座较老火山岛的遗迹坍塌，一座名为新拉泰伊基的新火山岛形成。在持续12天的喷发之后，我们观测到该岛的形状和大小迅速变化，以及这座新形成的火山岛遭受侵蚀，在喷发停止两个月后被海洋重新淹没。新拉泰伊基岛的这种快速侵蚀与1995年形成的火山岛长达25年以上的存续形成了强烈对比。
