Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
PM R. 2021 Sep;13(9):994-1004. doi: 10.1002/pmrj.12537. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
Sex and race/ethnicity disparities persist in academic Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R). This study contributes to the current body of knowledge by demonstrating changes in academic PM&R by sex and race/ethnicity in multiple categories over a 12-year period.
To evaluate workforce disparities in academic PM&R by measuring sex and race/ethnicity diversity in academic degree, rank, and tenure status.
Surveillance study.
Self-reported data for PM&R from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) annual Faculty Roster report from 2007 to 2018.
The 12-year average percentage composition in academic degree, rank, and tenure status was calculated to compare the overall distribution. Counts and proportion changes were plotted to depict the temporal trends. Absolute changes in racial percentage composition were graphed to highlight the progress.
From 2007 to 2018, the increase by sex was roughly equal (male = 216; female = 236), whereas most of the increase was in White faculty (207). The representation of female and Underrepresented in Medicine (URiM) faculty decreased as academic level advanced. Instructors is the only category with a higher proportion of female faculty, from 2007 (53%) to 2018 (59.3%), whereas male faculty occupied over 75% of the full professor positions at any time. Among the non-White faculty, Asian faculty had the greatest increase in proportion of full professors (3.7% to 10%) and Hispanic/Latino faculty in associate professors (2% to 7.1%), whereas full professors who were Black/African American decreased from 4 persons (2.5%) to 2 persons (0.8%).
An increase in total number of female and URiM faculty was observed in academic PM&R over 2007 to 2018, but sex and ethnicity/race disparities persisted, especially in higher ranks and leadership positions. For non-White faculty, greater disparities existed, pointing toward the need to target challenges faced by URiM race/ethnicity status.
在学术物理医学与康复（PM&R）领域，性别和种族/民族差异仍然存在。本研究通过在 12 年期间的多个类别中展示学术 PM&R 中性别和种族/民族的变化，为现有知识体系做出了贡献。
通过衡量学术学位、职称和终身职位中的性别和种族/民族多样性，评估学术 PM&R 中的劳动力差距。
监测研究。
2007 年至 2018 年，从美国医学协会（AAMC）年度教师名册报告中获取 PM&R 的自我报告数据。
计算 12 年的学术学位、职称和终身职位的平均百分比构成，以比较总体分布。绘制计数和比例变化图以描绘时间趋势。绘制种族百分比构成的绝对变化图，以突出进展。
从 2007 年到 2018 年，男性的增长大致相等（男性=216；女性=236），而大多数增长来自白人教师（207）。女性和医学领域代表性不足（URiM）教师的代表性随着学术水平的提高而下降。讲师是唯一女性教职员工比例较高的类别，从 2007 年（53%）到 2018 年（59.3%），而男性教职员工在任何时候都占据了超过 75%的正教授职位。在非白人教职员工中，亚洲教职员工的正教授比例增幅最大（3.7%至 10%），西班牙裔/拉丁裔教职员工的副教授比例增幅最大（2%至 7.1%），而黑人/非裔美国正教授的人数从 4 人（2.5%）减少到 2 人（0.8%）。
在 2007 年至 2018 年期间，学术 PM&R 中的女性和 URiM 教职员工总数有所增加，但性别和种族/民族差异仍然存在，尤其是在更高的职级和领导职位上。对于非白人教职员工，存在更大的差距，这表明需要针对 URiM 种族/民族地位所面临的挑战。
