Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo, Brazil; Federal University of Maranhao (UFMA), Maranhao, Brazil.
Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
Exp Gerontol. 2021 Mar;145:111181. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111181. Epub 2020 Dec 16.
Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction is associated with end organ damage and increased risk of mortality. Menopause and metabolic syndrome increase the risk for cardiorenal complications. In this study, we investigated the effects of aerobic or resistance exercise training on autonomic control of circulation and renal oxidative stress in a model of menopause and metabolic syndrome. Female Wistar rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were divided into 5 groups (n = 8): control (C), hypertensive (H), and sedentary (FHO), aerobic trained (FHOTa) and resistance trained (FHOTr) oophorectomized hypertensive treated with fructose (100 mg/mL drink water for 19 weeks). The FHO group presented increased vascular sympathetic modulation (LF-SBP), impaired baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) associated with increased blood pressure (BP) when compared to the H group. Aerobic exercise training enhanced tachycardic responses, while resistance training improved bradycardic responses to BP changes, thus ameliorating BRS. Moreover, despite unchanged BP, both exercise training protocols were effective in preventing increase in LF-SBP, reduction in systemic nitric oxide bioavailability (NOx), and increase in oxidative stress in the renal tissue, by decreasing lipid and protein oxidation in renal tissue. Positive correlation between LF-SBP and renal lipoperoxidation (r = 0.63, p < 0.05), as well as a negative correlation between NOx and renal lipoperoxidation (r = -0.66, p < 0.05) were observed. In conclusion, both aerobic and resistance exercise training were effective in improving autonomic control of circulation and reducing renal oxidative stress, thus attenuating the deleterious effects induced by arterial hypertension and fructose overload in female rats after ovarian hormone deprivation.
心血管自主神经功能障碍与终末器官损伤和死亡率增加有关。绝经和代谢综合征会增加心肾并发症的风险。在这项研究中，我们研究了有氧运动或抗阻运动训练对绝经和代谢综合征模型中循环自主神经控制和肾脏氧化应激的影响。雌性 Wistar 大鼠和自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）分为 5 组（n=8）：对照组（C）、高血压组（H）、久坐不动组（FHO）、有氧运动训练组（FHOTa）和抗阻运动训练组（FHOTr）卵巢切除的高血压大鼠，用果糖（100mg/ml 饮用水）处理 19 周。与 H 组相比，FHO 组表现出血管交感神经调节增加（LF-SBP），压力反射敏感性（BRS）受损，血压升高。有氧运动训练增强了心动过速反应，而抗阻运动训练改善了对血压变化的心动过缓反应，从而改善了 BRS。此外，尽管血压没有变化，但两种运动训练方案都能有效预防 LF-SBP 增加、全身一氧化氮生物利用度（NOx）减少和肾脏组织氧化应激增加，通过减少肾脏组织中的脂质和蛋白质氧化。LF-SBP 与肾脏脂质过氧化（r=0.63，p<0.05）呈正相关，NOx 与肾脏脂质过氧化（r=-0.66，p<0.05）呈负相关。总之，有氧运动和抗阻运动训练都能有效改善循环自主神经控制，减少肾脏氧化应激，从而减轻卵巢激素剥夺后雌性大鼠动脉高血压和果糖过载引起的有害影响。
