Conti Filipe Fernandes, Brito Janaina de Oliveira, Bernardes Nathalia, Dias Danielle da Silva, Malfitano Christiane, Morris Mariana, Llesuy Susana Francisca, Irigoyen Maria-Cláudia, De Angelis Kátia
Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil;
Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil; Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2015 Dec 15;309(12):R1532-9. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00076.2015. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
It is now well established that after menopause cardiometabolic disorders become more common. Recently, resistance exercise has been recommended as a complement to aerobic (combined training, CT) for the treatment of cardiometabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CT in hypertensive ovariectomized rats undergoing fructose overload in blood pressure variability (BPV), inflammation, and oxidative stress parameters. Female rats were divided into the following groups (n = 8/group): sedentary normotensive Wistar rats (C), and sedentary (FHO) or trained (FHOT) ovariectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats undergoing and fructose overload. CT was performed on a treadmill and ladder adapted to rats in alternate days (8 wk; 40-60% maximal capacity). Arterial pressure (AP) was directly measured. Oxidative stress and inflammation were measured on cardiac and renal tissues. The association of risk factors (hypertension + ovariectomy + fructose) promoted increase in insulin resistance, mean AP (FHO: 174 ± 4 vs. C: 108 ± 1 mmHg), heart rate (FHO: 403 ± 12 vs. C: 352 ± 11 beats/min), BPV, cardiac inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-α-FHO: 65.8 ± 9.9 vs. C: 23.3 ± 4.3 pg/mg protein), and oxidative stress cardiac and renal tissues. However, CT was able to reduce mean AP (FHOT: 158 ± 4 mmHg), heart rate (FHOT: 303 ± 5 beats/min), insulin resistance, and sympathetic modulation. Moreover, the trained rats presented increased nitric oxide bioavailability, reduced tumor necrosis factor-α (FHOT: 33.1 ± 4.9 pg/mg protein), increased IL-10 in cardiac tissue and reduced lipoperoxidation, and increased antioxidant defenses in cardiac and renal tissues. In conclusion, the association of risk factors promoted an additional impairment in metabolic, cardiovascular, autonomic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress parameters and combined exercise training was able to attenuate these dysfunctions.
现已明确，绝经后心脏代谢紊乱更为常见。最近，抗阻运动被推荐作为有氧运动的补充（联合训练，CT）用于治疗心脏代谢疾病。本研究的目的是评估CT对果糖超载的高血压去卵巢大鼠在血压变异性（BPV）、炎症和氧化应激参数方面的影响。雌性大鼠分为以下几组（每组n = 8）：久坐的血压正常的Wistar大鼠（C），以及久坐的（FHO）或训练的（FHOT）去卵巢自发性高血压大鼠且有果糖超载。CT在适应大鼠的跑步机和梯子上隔日进行（8周；最大容量的40 - 60%）。直接测量动脉压（AP）。在心脏和肾脏组织上测量氧化应激和炎症。危险因素（高血压 + 去卵巢 + 果糖）的联合导致胰岛素抵抗增加、平均动脉压升高（FHO：174 ± 4 vs. C：108 ± 1 mmHg）、心率加快（FHO：403 ± 12 vs. C：352 ± 11次/分钟）、BPV、心脏炎症（肿瘤坏死因子-α - FHO：65.8 ± 9.9 vs. C：23.3 ± 4.3 pg/mg蛋白）以及心脏和肾脏组织的氧化应激。然而，CT能够降低平均动脉压（FHOT：158 ± 4 mmHg）、心率（FHOT：303 ± 5次/分钟）、胰岛素抵抗和交感神经调节。此外，训练的大鼠一氧化氮生物利用度增加、肿瘤坏死因子-α降低（FHOT：33.1 ± 4.9 pg/mg蛋白）、心脏组织中白细胞介素-10增加、脂质过氧化减少，并且心脏和肾脏组织中的抗氧化防御增加。总之，危险因素的联合导致代谢、心血管、自主神经、炎症和氧化应激参数出现额外损害，而联合运动训练能够减轻这些功能障碍。
