Subasinghe Asvini K, Wark John D, Phillips Samuel, Cornall Alyssa, Brotherton Julia M L, Garland Suzanne M
Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases Research, Royal Women's Hospital, 20 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia; and Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Infection and Immunity, Royal Women's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia; and Present address: Department of General Practice, Monash University, 1/270 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, Vic. 3168, Australia; and Corresponding author. Email:
The University of Melbourne Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Vic. 3050, Australia; and Bone and Mineral Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Vic. 3050, Australia.
Sex Health. 2020 Dec;17(6):510-516. doi: 10.1071/SH20033.
Background The prevalence of genital tract vaccine-type human papillomavirus (HPV) is on the decline due to high vaccine uptake through the national HPV immunisation program in Australia. The aim of this study was to investigate HPV vaccine coverage and factors associated with HPV in a vaccine-eligible sample of young Australian females.
Females aged 16-25 years were recruited into the Young Female Health Initiative study, a young women's health study, via Facebook advertising from 2012 to 2017. Sexually active participants were asked to provide a self-collected vaginal swab for the detection of HPV DNA; positive samples were genotyped. Self-reported HPV vaccination status was confirmed by the National HPV Vaccination Program Register. Outcomes of the study were HPV acquisition and genotype, HPV vaccination status and factors associated with HPV.
Overall, 22.8% of samples (95% confidence interval (CI) 17.8-27.8%; n = 62/272) were positive for any HPV DNA, of which 19.1% (95% CI 14.4-23.8%; n = 52/272) were oncogenic types. HPV 16 was detected in three samples (1.1%; 95% CI -0.1%, 2.3%; two not HPV vaccinated and one vaccinated after sexual debut). Early sexual debut (<16 years) and multiple sexual partners were independently associated with an increased risk of any HPV.
In a community sample of vaccine-eligible-age females with a high vaccine uptake, the prevalence of vaccine-related HPV genotypes is extremely low. Early sexual debut and multiple sexual partners are positively associated with HPV, underscoring the importance of vaccination at the routinely recommended age of 12-13 years for best vaccine impact.
背景 由于澳大利亚通过国家人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）免疫计划实现了高疫苗接种率，生殖道疫苗型HPV的流行率正在下降。本研究的目的是调查澳大利亚年轻女性符合疫苗接种条件样本中的HPV疫苗接种率以及与HPV相关的因素。
2012年至2017年，通过脸书广告招募16至25岁的女性参与“年轻女性健康倡议”研究，这是一项年轻女性健康研究。要求性活跃的参与者提供自行采集的阴道拭子用于检测HPV DNA；对阳性样本进行基因分型。通过国家HPV疫苗接种计划登记册确认自我报告的HPV疫苗接种状态。研究结果包括HPV感染情况和基因型、HPV疫苗接种状态以及与HPV相关的因素。
总体而言，22.8%的样本（95%置信区间（CI）17.8 - 27.8%；n = 62/272）任何HPV DNA检测呈阳性，其中19.1%（95% CI 14.4 - 23.8%；n = 52/272）为致癌型。在三个样本中检测到HPV 16（1.1%；95% CI -0.1%，2.3%；两名未接种HPV疫苗，一名在首次性行为后接种）。初次性行为早（<16岁）和多个性伴侣与任何HPV感染风险增加独立相关。
在疫苗接种率高的符合疫苗接种年龄的女性社区样本中，与疫苗相关的HPV基因型流行率极低。初次性行为早和多个性伴侣与HPV呈正相关，强调了在常规推荐的12 - 13岁年龄接种疫苗以获得最佳疫苗效果的重要性。
