Komase Yu, Watanabe Kazuhiro, Sasaki Natsu, Kawakami Norito
Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Chiyoda-ku, Japan.
J Occup Health. 2020 Jan;62(1):e12185. doi: 10.1002/1348-9585.12185.
Workplace gratitude is important for improving work-related outcomes and individual well-being. Although the gratitude at work scale (GAWS) was developed in the United States, it has not been corroborated in Asian countries with interdependent cultures. This study aimed to develop and validate the GAWS among Japanese workers.
Japanese workers completed online surveys at baseline (N = 206) and 2 weeks later (N = 103). The Japanese GAWS was developed according to the international guidelines. We measured (a) trait gratitude as comparison for the criterion-related validity, (b) work-related outcomes/factors (eg, work engagement), and (c) well-being (eg, eudemonic well-being at work) as comparisons for convergent validity. Cronbach's alpha, intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs), and measurement errors were calculated to assess reliability; measurement validity was evaluated by correlational analyses and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
A total of 206 and 93 workers were included for baseline and follow-up analyses, respectively. Cronbach's alpha and ICCs of the Japanese GAWS ranged from 0.81 to 0.91. CFA showed that the 2-factor model (ie, gratitude for (a) a supportive work environment and (b) meaningful work) demonstrated a good fit (χ (34) = 67.58, CFI = 0.967, TLI = 0.956, RMSEA = 0.069, SRMR = 0.037), similar to the original version. As we had hypothesized, overall GAWS and the two domains were significantly correlated with trait gratitude, work-related outcomes/factors, and well-being.
The Japanese GAWS demonstrated good reliability and validity. Future research should explore mechanisms related to workplace gratitude and further intervention studies among workers.
职场感恩对于改善与工作相关的成果和个人幸福感很重要。尽管工作感恩量表（GAWS）是在美国开发的，但在具有相互依存文化的亚洲国家尚未得到证实。本研究旨在开发并验证日本员工的GAWS。
日本员工在基线时（N = 206）和两周后（N = 103）完成了在线调查。日本GAWS是根据国际指南开发的。我们测量了（a）特质感恩作为与标准相关效度的比较，（b）与工作相关的成果/因素（如工作投入），以及（c）幸福感（如工作中的幸福安康）作为收敛效度的比较。计算了克朗巴哈系数、组内相关系数（ICC）和测量误差以评估信度；通过相关分析和验证性因素分析（CFA）评估测量效度。
分别有206名和93名员工纳入基线分析和随访分析。日本GAWS的克朗巴哈系数和ICC范围为0.81至0.91。CFA显示，两因素模型（即对（a）支持性工作环境和（b）有意义工作的感恩）显示出良好的拟合度（χ（34）= 67.58，CFI = 0.967，TLI = 0.956，RMSEA = 0.069，SRMR = 0.037），与原始版本相似。正如我们所假设的，总体GAWS及其两个维度与特质感恩、与工作相关的成果/因素和幸福感显著相关。
日本GAWS显示出良好的信度和效度。未来的研究应探索与职场感恩相关的机制，并对员工进行进一步的干预研究。
