College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, PR China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, 163319, PR China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, PR China.
Prev Vet Med. 2021 Jan;186:105230. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105230. Epub 2020 Dec 5.
Toxoplasma gondii is a widely distributed protozoan parasite that can infect a variety of warm-blooded animals including humans and goats. This is the first meta-analysis to assess the overall seroprevalence and potential risk factors of T. gondii infection among goats in China. Databases including the VIP Chinese Journal Databases (VIP), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, WanFang, ScienceDirect, and PubMed were searched comprehensively for relevant studies published from 2010 to date. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled seroprevalence estimates with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) and data were analyzed from 13 provinces in China. The pooled T. gondii seroprevalence in goats was estimated as 9.9 %. Goats T. gondii had the highest seroprevalence in Southwestern China (13.3 %) and the lowest in Northeastern China (7.3 %). The seroprevalence in the sub-group before 2012 (8.0 %) was lower than that in 2012-2015 (15.2 %) and 2016 or later (9.2 %). Goats aged > 12-months had a higher seroprevalence (11.7 %) than ≤ 12-months (10.7 %). The seroprevalence in female goats was 12.5 % and 12.2 % in male goats. In season subgroups, the seroprevalence was lowest in autumn (6.1 %). Naturally grazed goats had a seroprevalence of 8.1 % of infection and 7.8 % in intensively fed goats. We also evaluated the effects of geographical and climate variables on the pooled seroprevalence of T. gondii in goats in China. The results indicated that toxoplasmosis is widely distributed in goats in China. In the context of ensuring animal welfare, we suggest the continued promotion of the transition from natural grazing to intensive agriculture to strengthen disease prevention. Prevention would be better carried out in areas suitable for the survival and reproduction of T. gondii. Breeders need to regularly disinfect the feeding areas and pens or other areas of goat activity thoroughly to reduce the impact of environmental factors responses on the infection of goats to T. gondii.
刚地弓形虫是一种广泛分布的原生动物寄生虫，可感染包括人类和山羊在内的各种温血动物。这是首次评估中国山羊弓形虫感染总体血清流行率和潜在危险因素的荟萃分析。全面检索了 VIP 中文期刊数据库（VIP）、中国知网（CNKI）数据库、万方、ScienceDirect 和 PubMed 等数据库，以获取截至 2023 年发表的相关研究。使用随机效应模型计算合并血清流行率估计值和 95%置信区间（CI），并对来自中国 13 个省份的数据进行分析。估计山羊弓形虫的合并血清流行率为 9.9%。中国山羊弓形虫的血清流行率在西南地区最高（13.3%），在东北地区最低（7.3%）。2012 年前的亚组血清流行率（8.0%）低于 2012-2015 年（15.2%）和 2016 年及以后（9.2%）。12 月龄以上的山羊的血清流行率（11.7%）高于 12 月龄以下的山羊（10.7%）。母山羊的血清流行率为 12.5%，公山羊为 12.2%。在季节亚组中，秋季血清流行率最低（6.1%）。自然放牧的山羊感染率为 8.1%，密集饲养的山羊为 7.8%。我们还评估了地理和气候变量对中国山羊弓形虫合并血清流行率的影响。结果表明，弓形虫病在中国山羊中广泛流行。在保障动物福利的背景下，我们建议继续推动从自然放牧向集约化农业的转变，以加强疾病预防。在适合弓形虫生存和繁殖的地区，预防工作将得到更好的开展。饲养员需要定期对饲养区和畜栏或山羊活动的其他区域进行彻底消毒，以减少环境因素对山羊感染弓形虫的影响。
