Imamura Michie, Higuchi Osamu, Maeda Yasuhiro, Mukaino Akihiro, Ueda Mitsuharu, Matsuo Hidenori, Nakane Shunya
Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Kawatana Medical Center, Nagasaki 859-3615, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 17;21(24):9632. doi: 10.3390/ijms21249632.
The glial cells in the central nervous system express diverse inward rectifying potassium channels (Kir). They express multiple Kir channel subtypes that are likely to have distinct functional roles related to their differences in conductance, and sensitivity to intracellular and extracellular factors. Dysfunction in a major astrocyte potassium channel, Kir4.1, appears as an early pathological event underlying neuronal phenotypes in several neurological diseases. The autoimmune effects on the potassium channel have not yet been fully described in the literature. However, several research groups have reported that the potassium channels are an immune target in patients with various neurological disorders. In 2012, Srivastava et al. reported about Kir4.1, a new immune target for autoantibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Follow-up studies have been conducted by several research groups, but no clear conclusion has been reached. Most follow-up studies, including ours, have reported that the prevalence of Kir4.1-seropositive patients with MS was lower than that in the initial study. Therefore, we extensively review studies on the method of antibody testing, seroprevalence of MS, and other neurological diseases in patients with MS. Finally, based on the role of Kir4.1 in MS, we consider whether it could be an immune target in this disease.
中枢神经系统中的神经胶质细胞表达多种内向整流钾通道（Kir）。它们表达多种Kir通道亚型，这些亚型可能因其电导差异以及对细胞内和细胞外因子的敏感性而具有不同的功能作用。主要星形胶质细胞钾通道Kir4.1功能失调似乎是几种神经疾病中神经元表型潜在的早期病理事件。文献中尚未充分描述自身免疫对钾通道的影响。然而，几个研究小组报告称，钾通道是各种神经疾病患者的免疫靶点。2012年，斯里瓦斯塔瓦等人报告了Kir4.1，它是多发性硬化症（MS）患者自身抗体的一个新的免疫靶点。几个研究小组已经进行了后续研究，但尚未得出明确结论。包括我们的研究在内，大多数后续研究都报告称，MS患者中Kir4.1血清阳性的患病率低于初始研究。因此，我们广泛回顾了关于抗体检测方法、MS患者中MS及其他神经疾病血清阳性率的研究。最后，基于Kir4.1在MS中的作用，我们考虑它是否可能是这种疾病的一个免疫靶点。
