Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Nutr Cancer. 2021;73(11-12):2821-2831. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1862255. Epub 2020 Dec 21.
The relationship of dairy consumption and liver cancer risk is still controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis of published cohort and case-control studies to summarize the epidemiologic evidence on the relationship between dairy products consumption and the risk of liver cancer. The literatures were screened from PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library before May 2020. A total of seven cohort studies and eight case-control studies (5,121 cases) were included. The summary relative risks (RRs) were 1.17 (95% CI: 0.87‒1.57) and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.78‒1.51) for milk and total dairy, respectively. 0.50 (95% CI: 0.27-0.91) and 1.16 (95% CI: 0.83-1.52) were yogurt, cheese, and curd. Subgroup analysis revealed that study duration, alcohol, and design were associated the RRs. Dose-response analysis showed that the liver cancer risk was decreased by 5.4% ( for linear trend = 0.002) with a 40 g/day increment of yogurt intake. These results suggested that total dairy, milk, cheese, and curd were positive associations with the liver cancer risk although they were not statistically significant, however higher yogurt intake would reduce the risk. Further studies are necessary to verify the relationship of dairy foods with cancer.
乳制品消费与肝癌风险的关系仍存在争议。我们对已发表的队列研究和病例对照研究进行了荟萃分析，以总结乳制品消费与肝癌风险之间的流行病学证据。文献筛选自 2020 年 5 月前的 PubMed、EMBASE 和 Cochrane Library。共纳入了 7 项队列研究和 8 项病例对照研究（5121 例病例）。牛奶和总乳制品的汇总相对风险（RR）分别为 1.17（95%CI：0.87-1.57）和 1.08（95%CI：0.78-1.51）。酸奶、奶酪和凝乳的 RR 分别为 0.50（95%CI：0.27-0.91）和 1.16（95%CI：0.83-1.52）。亚组分析显示，研究持续时间、酒精和设计与 RR 相关。剂量反应分析表明，酸奶摄入量每增加 40g/天，肝癌风险降低 5.4%（线性趋势 = 0.002）。这些结果表明，尽管总乳制品、牛奶、奶酪和凝乳与肝癌风险呈正相关，但无统计学意义，然而，增加酸奶摄入可能会降低风险。需要进一步的研究来验证乳制品与癌症的关系。
