Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
Nutr J. 2023 Jun 22;22(1):30. doi: 10.1186/s12937-023-00858-5.
Diet is emerging as a modifiable component of lifestyle for influencing the incidence of liver cancer.
To investigate and quantify the potential relationship between food groups and liver cancer.
PubMed and Web of Science were searched for eligible observational studies until 31st March, 2023.
The meta-analysis was conducted by pooling relative risk (RR), odds ratio (OR) or hazards ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Potential sources of heterogeneity were detected by subgroup analysis. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias test were also carried out.
Through stepwise screening, a total of 27 studies were included. The pooled estimates of liver cancer for whole grains and legumes intake were 0.66 (95% CI: 0.54-0.82; I = 25.3%) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.75-0.99; I = 14.3%), respectively. However, there were null associations of nuts, poultry, egg and sweetened beverages consumption with liver cancer and the association between refined grains and liver cancer was inconclusive. In dose-response meta-analysis, the pooled estimates of liver cancer were 0.77 (95% CI: 0.65-0.91) for every 50 g/day increment in whole grains intake. Non-linear dose-response relationship (P = 0.031) was observed in the association between the intake of legumes and liver cancer, and the protective effect occurred with the dose ranging from 8 g/day to 40 g/day.
This meta-analysis shows that whole grains and legumes were inversely associated with liver cancer, whereas intake of nuts, poultry, egg and sweetened beverages may not be associated with liver cancer. Further quantitative research needs to be undertaken within a range of populations to investigate the relationship between food groups and liver cancer.
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021246142.
饮食作为生活方式的一个可改变组成部分，正逐渐成为影响肝癌发病率的因素。
研究并量化食物组与肝癌之间的潜在关系。
检索 PubMed 和 Web of Science 数据库，以获取截至 2023 年 3 月 31 日的合格观察性研究。
通过合并相对风险 (RR)、比值比 (OR) 或风险比 (HR) 及其 95%置信区间 (CI) 进行荟萃分析。通过亚组分析检测潜在的异质性来源。还进行了敏感性分析和发表偏倚检验。
通过逐步筛选，共纳入 27 项研究。谷物和豆类摄入量与肝癌的汇总估计值分别为 0.66 (95%CI: 0.54-0.82; I = 25.3%)和 0.86 (95%CI: 0.75-0.99; I = 14.3%)。然而，坚果、家禽、鸡蛋和含糖饮料的摄入与肝癌之间无关联，而谷物与肝癌之间的关联尚无定论。在剂量-反应荟萃分析中，谷物摄入量每增加 50g/天，肝癌的汇总估计值为 0.77 (95%CI: 0.65-0.91)。豆类摄入量与肝癌之间存在非线性剂量-反应关系 (P = 0.031)，其保护作用发生在 8g/天至 40g/天的剂量范围内。
本荟萃分析表明，谷物和豆类与肝癌呈负相关，而坚果、家禽、鸡蛋和含糖饮料的摄入可能与肝癌无关。需要在更广泛的人群中进行进一步的定量研究，以调查食物组与肝癌之间的关系。
PROSPERO 注册号 CRD42021246142。
