Maltepe University Faculty of Medicine, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, İstanbul, Turkey.
Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, İstanbul, Turkey.
Brain Dev. 2021 Apr;43(4):495-504. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2020.11.013. Epub 2021 Jan 19.
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorders among school-age children worldwide. In a more recent follow-up study, Biederman et al. found that 78% of children diagnosed with ADHD between the ages of 6-17 years continued to have a full (35%) or a partial persistence after eleven years.
In this study, it was aimed to identify the factors contributing to the persistence of ADHD symptoms in elemantary school children who were prospectively assessed both in their earlier and upper grades.
The sample was drawn from a previous community-based study where ADHD symptoms in 3696 first/or second graders were examined in regard to their school entry age. Two years after, the families of the children that participated in the initial study were called by phone and invited to a re-evaluation session. Among those who were reached, 154 were consequently eligible and were assessed with Swanson, Nolan and Pelham questionnaire (SNAP-IV), Conners' rating scales (CRS) and the Kiddie schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia (K-SADS).
Of the 154 children, 81 had been evaluated to have "probable ADHD" by the initial interview. Among these 81 children, 50 (61.7%) were indeed diagnosed with ADHD after two years. Initial scores of the teacher reported SNAP-IV inattention subscale predicted the ADHD diagnosis after two years, with an odds ratio of 1.0761 (p = 0.032, Wald: 4.595).
Our results suggest that high inattention symptom scores reported by the teacher in the earlier grades, might predict an ADHD diagnosis in upper grades.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是全球学龄儿童中最常见的神经发育障碍。在最近的一项随访研究中，Biederman 等人发现，6-17 岁被诊断为 ADHD 的儿童中有 78%在 11 年后仍存在完全（35%）或部分持续存在。
本研究旨在确定在小学儿童中导致 ADHD 症状持续存在的因素，这些儿童在早期和高年级均进行了前瞻性评估。
该样本来自之前的一项基于社区的研究，该研究对 3696 名一年级或二年级学生的 ADHD 症状进行了研究，考察了他们的入学年龄。两年后，通过电话联系参加初始研究的儿童的家庭，并邀请他们参加重新评估。在联系到的家庭中，有 154 个家庭符合条件，并使用 Swanson、Nolan 和 Pelham 问卷（SNAP-IV）、Conners 评定量表（CRS）和儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症时间表（K-SADS）进行评估。
在 154 名儿童中，有 81 名在初次访谈中被评估为“可能患有 ADHD”。在这 81 名儿童中，有 50 名（61.7%）在两年后确实被诊断为 ADHD。最初由教师报告的 SNAP-IV 注意力不集中分量表得分预测两年后的 ADHD 诊断，优势比为 1.0761（p=0.032，Wald：4.595）。
我们的研究结果表明，教师在早期报告的高注意力不集中症状评分可能预测高年级的 ADHD 诊断。
