Department of Nursing, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) - An Institute of National Importance, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Department of Nursing, Government Mental Health Centre, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
East Asian Arch Psychiatry. 2020 Dec;30(4):113-119. doi: 10.12809/eaap1941.
To explore caregivers' perspective on factors affecting the recovery of their family members diagnosed with schizophrenia.
A qualitative grounded theory approach was used. A convenience sample of seven male and eleven female family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia were invited from outpatient (n = 6), inpatient (n = 7), and psychiatric rehabilitation (n = 5) services in an Indian mental health institute to participate in semi-structured interviews. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed. Similar themes were grouped and the main themes identified.
Caregivers' perspectives on factors affecting recovery from schizophrenia were categorised to two themes: facilitators and barriers. The nine facilitators were (1) getting into a precise treatment regimen and sticking to it, (2) developing some personal attributes, (3) exercising family's role diametrically, (4) paying attention to basic needs, (5) sharing with the Almighty, (6) adapting to a supportive lifestyle, (7) not being idle… engage in something, (8) coming out, being and sharing with others, and (9) having adequate resources with a good support system. The ten barriers were (1) detrimental treatment practices, (2) hampering illness impacts, (3) off-putting personality elements, (4) unaccommodating family circumstances, (5) caregivers' limitation, (6) flaccid support system and scarce resources, (7) ambiguous treatment outcome or prognosis, (8) futile religious, health, and social belief systems, (9) situational factors, and (10) presence of troubling physical or psychological stressors.
The recovery process is facilitated through family involvement and support by mental health professionals. Thus, giving a pre-treatment counselling to the caregivers and repeating the same content to the patients after regaining insight can be helpful.
探讨照顾者对影响其家庭精神分裂症患者康复的因素的看法。
采用定性扎根理论方法。从印度一家心理健康机构的门诊（n=6）、住院（n=7）和精神康复（n=5）服务中，方便抽取 7 名男性和 11 名女性精神分裂症患者的家属照顾者参加半结构式访谈，邀请他们参与研究。对访谈进行录音、转录和分析。将相似的主题进行分组，并确定主要主题。
照顾者对影响精神分裂症康复的因素的看法分为两个主题：促进因素和障碍因素。九个促进因素是：（1）进入精确的治疗方案并坚持下去，（2）培养一些个人特质，（3）家庭角色的截然相反，（4）关注基本需求，（5）与全能者分享，（6）适应支持性的生活方式，（7）不闲着……从事某事，（8）走出来，与他人分享，（9）拥有充足的资源和良好的支持系统。十个障碍因素是：（1）有害的治疗方法，（2）妨碍疾病的影响，（3）令人不快的个性因素，（4）不适应的家庭环境，（5）照顾者的局限性，（6）疲软的支持系统和稀缺的资源，（7）治疗结果或预后不明确，（8）徒劳无益的宗教、健康和社会信仰体系，（9）情境因素，（10）存在令人困扰的身体或心理压力源。
通过精神卫生专业人员的家庭参与和支持，促进康复过程。因此，在治疗前给照顾者提供咨询，并在患者恢复洞察力后重复同样的内容，可能会有所帮助。
