Section of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Section of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy - School in Labor, Development and Innovation, Marco Biagi Department of Economics and Marco Biagi Foundation, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Riv Psichiatr. 2020 Nov-Dec;55(6):342-348. doi: 10.1708/3503.34892.
Anxiety and depressive symptoms are common worldwide and, according to the World Health Organization, their prevalence has increased in the last decades. Further, dysfunctional personality traits are frequently coupled with anxiety and depressive symptoms. The prevalence of these symptoms is particularly relevant in medical students.
This study assessed the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in Italian medical students from the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, by using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Personality traits were assessed as well by employing the Personality Inventory for DSM-5, Brief Form (PID-5-BF), to explore their association with anxiety and depressive symptoms. A self-administered questionnaire was sent by e-mail to all the 944 students and 459 (48.6%) were enrolled. Besides the HADS and the PID-5-BF, the questionnaire included items concerning everyday life activities such as sports and academic features such as the years of attendance and average marks.
A high prevalence of anxiety (n=92; 20%), depression (n=32; 7%), and comorbid anxiety-depressive symptoms (n=218; 47%) was reported. Multiple binary logistic analysis showed increased levels of anxiety and depression to be associated with personality traits, namely detachment and negative affect, and use of cognitive enhancers. On the other hand, sports activities, social activities and distraction were related to lower levels of symptoms.
Symptoms of depression and anxiety are common among Italian medical students and specific interventions should be implemented to target them.
焦虑和抑郁症状在全球范围内很常见，根据世界卫生组织的数据，这些症状在过去几十年中有所增加。此外，功能失调的人格特质常常与焦虑和抑郁症状同时出现。这些症状在医学生中的发生率尤其值得关注。
本研究采用医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HADS）评估了意大利摩德纳和雷焦艾米利亚大学医学系学生的焦虑和抑郁症状发生率。通过人格障碍诊断问卷-5 简明版（PID-5-BF）评估人格特质，探讨其与焦虑和抑郁症状的关联。通过电子邮件向所有 944 名学生发送了一份自我管理问卷，其中 459 名（48.6%）学生参与了调查。除了 HADS 和 PID-5-BF 外，问卷还包括了日常生活活动（如运动）和学习特征（如入学年限和平均成绩）等项目。
报告了较高的焦虑发生率（n=92；20%）、抑郁发生率（n=32；7%）和共病焦虑-抑郁发生率（n=218；47%）。多变量二项逻辑回归分析显示，焦虑和抑郁程度的增加与人格特质（即疏离和负性情绪）和认知增强剂的使用有关。另一方面，运动、社交活动和分散注意力与较低的症状水平有关。
抑郁和焦虑症状在意大利医学生中很常见，应针对这些症状实施特定的干预措施。
