Ji M A, Cang-Hai L I, Ting-Liang Jiang
Research Center of Artemisinin, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2020 Nov;45(22):5403-5411. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200723.603.
As a single-cell organism, Plasmodium has a large and complex metabolic network system. There is a close relationship between various metabolic pathways to maintain the transformation of Plasmodium's own energy and substances. Plasmodium energy metabolism pathways mainly include glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Among them, Plasmodium at the erythrocytic stage takes glycolysis as the main energy supply method, and less energy is generated by oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, the two carbon metabolism pathways closely relating to energy metabolism are the tricarboxylic acid(TCA) cycle pathway and glutamate metabolism pathway. As the core of metabolism, the TCA cycle connects glycolysis and glutamate metabolism; glutamate metabolism, as the main carbon metabolism pathway, also participates in various metabolic pathways, such as pyrimidine metabolism, porphyrin metabolism, and protein biosynthesis. This article reviews the energy metabolism pathways of Plasmodium and carbon metabolism pathways that are closely related to energy metabolism, in order to deepen the understanding of the energy metabolism of Plasmodium at the erythrocytic stage, and then provide the theoretical basis and references for studying the mechanisms of action and the drug resistance of antimalarial drugs.
作为一种单细胞生物，疟原虫拥有庞大而复杂的代谢网络系统。各种代谢途径之间存在着密切的关系，以维持疟原虫自身能量和物质的转化。疟原虫的能量代谢途径主要包括糖酵解和氧化磷酸化。其中，疟原虫在红细胞阶段以糖酵解作为主要的能量供应方式，通过氧化磷酸化产生的能量较少。此外，与能量代谢密切相关的两条碳代谢途径是三羧酸（TCA）循环途径和谷氨酸代谢途径。作为代谢的核心，TCA循环连接糖酵解和谷氨酸代谢；谷氨酸代谢作为主要的碳代谢途径，也参与各种代谢途径，如嘧啶代谢、卟啉代谢和蛋白质生物合成。本文综述了疟原虫的能量代谢途径以及与能量代谢密切相关的碳代谢途径，以加深对疟原虫红细胞阶段能量代谢的理解，进而为研究抗疟药物的作用机制和耐药性提供理论依据和参考。
