National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore.
CNS Neurosci Ther. 2021 Feb;27(2):149-162. doi: 10.1111/cns.13536. Epub 2020 Dec 22.
BACKGROUND: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a neurocognitive state between normal cognitive aging and dementia, with evidence of neuropsychological changes but insufficient functional decline to warrant a diagnosis of dementia. Individuals with MCI are at increased risk for progression to dementia; and an appreciable proportion display neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), also a known risk factor for dementia. Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is thought to be an underdiagnosed contributor to MCI/dementia. The Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761 , is increasingly being used for the symptomatic treatment of cognitive disorders with/without CVD, due to its known neuroprotective effects and cerebrovascular benefits. AIMS: To present consensus opinion from the ASian Clinical Expert group on Neurocognitive Disorders (ASCEND) regarding the role of EGb 761 in MCI. MATERIALS & METHODS: The ASCEND Group reconvened in September 2019 to present and critically assess the current evidence on the general management of MCI, including the efficacy and safety of EGb 761 as a treatment option. RESULTS: EGb 761 has demonstrated symptomatic improvement in at least four randomized trials, in terms of cognitive performance, memory, recall and recognition, attention and concentration, anxiety, and NPS. There is also evidence that EGb 761 may help delay progression from MCI to dementia in some individuals. DISCUSSION: EGb 761 is currently recommended in multiple guidelines for the symptomatic treatment of MCI. Due to its beneficial effects on cerebrovascular blood flow, it is reasonable to expect that EGb 761 may benefit MCI patients with underlying CVD. CONCLUSION: As an expert group, we suggest it is clinically appropriate to incorporate EGb 761 as part of the multidomain intervention for MCI.
背景:轻度认知障碍(MCI)是一种介于正常认知老化和痴呆之间的神经认知状态,有神经心理学变化的证据,但功能下降不足以诊断为痴呆。MCI 患者进展为痴呆的风险增加;相当一部分患者表现出神经精神症状(NPS),这也是痴呆的已知危险因素。脑血管疾病(CVD)被认为是 MCI/痴呆的一个未被充分诊断的促成因素。银杏叶提取物 EGb 761 由于其已知的神经保护作用和脑血管益处,越来越多地用于治疗伴有/不伴有 CVD 的认知障碍的症状性治疗。
目的:提出亚洲神经认知障碍临床专家小组(ASCEND)关于 EGb 761 在 MCI 中的作用的共识意见。
材料与方法:ASCEND 小组于 2019 年 9 月重新召开会议,介绍并批判性评估了目前关于 MCI 一般管理的证据,包括 EGb 761 作为治疗选择的疗效和安全性。
结果:EGb 761 在至少四项随机试验中证明了在认知表现、记忆、回忆和识别、注意力和集中、焦虑和 NPS 方面的症状改善。还有证据表明,EGb 761 可能有助于延缓某些个体从 MCI 进展为痴呆。
讨论:EGb 761 目前在多项指南中被推荐用于 MCI 的症状治疗。由于其对脑血管血流的有益影响,合理地期望 EGb 761 可能对有潜在 CVD 的 MCI 患者有益。
结论:作为一个专家组,我们建议将 EGb 761 纳入 MCI 的多领域干预措施是临床合理的。
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