Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Semin Cancer Biol. 2022 Aug;83:523-535. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.011. Epub 2020 Dec 19.
DNA methylation is a highly regulated process that has a critical role in human development and homeostatic control of the cell. The number of genes affected by anomalous DNA methylation in cancer-associated pathways is swiftly accelerating and with the advancement of molecular technologies, new layers of complexity are opening up and refining our strategies to combat cancer. DNA methylation profiling is an essential facet to understanding malignant transformation and is becoming an increasingly important tool for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy monitoring. In this review, the role of DNA methylation in normal cellular function is discussed, as well as how epigenetic aberrations override normal cellular cues that lead to tumor initiation and propagation. The review also focuses on the latest advancements in DNA methylation profiling as a biomarker for early cancer detection, predicting patient clinical outcomes and responses to treatment and provides new insights into epigenetic-based therapy in clinical oncology.
DNA 甲基化是一个高度调控的过程，在人类发育和细胞的内稳态控制中起着关键作用。在癌症相关途径中，受异常 DNA 甲基化影响的基因数量正在迅速增加，随着分子技术的进步，新的复杂性层次正在出现，这也在改进我们对抗癌症的策略。DNA 甲基化分析是理解恶性转化的一个重要方面，并且正在成为癌症诊断、预后和治疗监测的一个越来越重要的工具。在这篇综述中，讨论了 DNA 甲基化在正常细胞功能中的作用，以及表观遗传异常如何超越正常细胞信号，导致肿瘤的起始和增殖。该综述还重点介绍了 DNA 甲基化分析作为早期癌症检测生物标志物的最新进展，预测患者的临床结局和对治疗的反应，并为临床肿瘤学中的基于表观遗传的治疗提供了新的见解。
