Institute of Hospital Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China; Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 63 Wenhua Road, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China.
Department of Emergency, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, 2 Zheshan West Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2021 Mar;115:103853. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103853. Epub 2020 Dec 6.
Universal face mask use was recommended owing to the growing pandemic of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, little is known about the public's compliance with mask-wearing behaviours.
To evaluate the public's mask-wearing behaviours in the context of COVID-19.
Cross-sectional study.
Online survey from 6 April 2020 to 5 May 2020 in China.
This study included 10,165 persons who lived in China, understood Chinese, and were not health care providers.
Descriptive statistics were used to assess the public's mask-wearing behaviours. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors affecting the mask-wearing behaviours.
Nearly all (99%) people wore a mask during the covid-19 pandemic, with most (73.3%) demonstrating good compliance with face mask use. However, 41.8% of the participants seldom cleaned their hands before putting on a face mask, and more than half (55.3%, 62.1%) of those who touched (n=8108, 79.8%) or adjusted (n=9356, 92.0%) their mask while using it failed to consistently wash their hands afterward. When removing a used mask, 7.6% of the participants discarded it into a garbage bin without a lid and 22.5% discarded it into a garbage bin in their reach regardless of presence of a lid. Participants reported wearing disposable medical masks (93.8%), followed by N95 respirators (26.2%), and cloth face masks (8.5%). Some participants wore multiple masks simultaneously (occasionally 26.5%, often 2.1%, always 1.5%). A total of 5,981 (58.8%) participants reported reusing disposable masks, with nearly two thirds (n=3923, 65.6%) indicating they would hang the used masks in well-ventilated places. More than one-third (37.6%) of the respondents did not replace mask when it had been used for more than 8 hours. Exposure to instructions on face mask use was the strongest predictor of good compliance (odds ratio=4.13, 95% confidential interval= 3.60-4.75, p=0.000). Other factors included specific situations, location, and gender. The influence of age needs further investigation. Most participants (76.4%) accessed information mainly via social media platforms.
Nearly all people wore face mask and most of them used it properly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hand hygiene before and during mask-wearing, choosing an appropriate type of face mask, reusing disposal face mask, and disposing of used face masks should be particularly emphasized in future evidence dissemination or behaviour-change interventions. Information on social media platforms for evidence dissemination and behaviour change may benefit the public the most, but this initiative requires further research to investigate its effectiveness.
由于冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行，建议普遍使用口罩。然而，人们对公众戴口罩行为的依从性知之甚少。
评估 COVID-19 大流行期间公众的口罩佩戴行为。
横断面研究。
2020 年 4 月 6 日至 5 月 5 日在中国进行的在线调查。
本研究纳入了 10165 名居住在中国、懂中文且不是医疗保健提供者的人。
使用描述性统计评估公众的口罩佩戴行为。采用二项逻辑回归分析识别影响口罩佩戴行为的危险因素。
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，几乎所有人（99%）都戴口罩，大多数（73.3%）人口罩使用依从性良好。然而，41.8%的参与者在戴口罩前很少洗手，超过一半（55.3%，62.1%）的人在触摸（n=8108，79.8%）或调整（n=9356，92.0%）口罩时未洗手。在取下使用过的口罩时，7.6%的参与者将其丢弃到无盖垃圾桶中，22.5%的参与者将其丢弃到伸手可及的垃圾桶中，无论垃圾桶是否有盖。参与者报告佩戴一次性医用口罩（93.8%），其次是 N95 呼吸器（26.2%）和布面口罩（8.5%）。一些参与者同时佩戴多个口罩（偶尔 26.5%，经常 2.1%，总是 1.5%）。共有 5981 名（58.8%）参与者报告重复使用一次性口罩，近三分之二（n=3923，65.6%）表示会将用过的口罩挂在通风良好的地方。超过三分之一（37.6%）的受访者在口罩使用超过 8 小时后没有更换口罩。接触口罩使用说明是良好依从性的最强预测因素（优势比=4.13，95%置信区间=3.60-4.75，p=0.000）。其他因素包括特定情况、地点和性别。年龄的影响需要进一步调查。大多数参与者（76.4%）主要通过社交媒体平台获取信息。
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，几乎所有人都戴口罩，大多数人正确佩戴口罩。戴口罩前和戴口罩期间要注意手部卫生，选择合适类型的口罩，重复使用一次性口罩，以及妥善处理使用过的口罩，这些都应该在未来的证据传播或行为改变干预中特别强调。社交媒体平台上的信息传播和行为改变可能对公众最有益，但这一举措需要进一步研究，以调查其效果。
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