Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Nutrients. 2020 Dec 18;12(12):3869. doi: 10.3390/nu12123869.
Vitamin C is implicated in various bodily functions due to its unique properties in redox homeostasis. Moreover, vitamin C also plays a great role in restoring the activity of 2-oxoglutarate and Fe dependent dioxygenases (2-OGDD), which are involved in active DNA demethylation (TET proteins), the demethylation of histones, and hypoxia processes. Therefore, vitamin C may be engaged in the regulation of gene expression or in a hypoxic state. Hence, vitamin C has acquired great interest for its plausible effects on cancer treatment. Since its conceptualization, the role of vitamin C in cancer therapy has been a controversial and disputed issue. Vitamin C is transferred to the cells with sodium dependent transporters (SVCTs) and glucose transporters (GLUT). However, it is unknown whether the impaired function of these transporters may lead to carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Notably, previous studies have identified SVCTs' polymorphisms or their altered expression in some types of cancer. This review discusses the potential effects of vitamin C and the impaired SVCT function in cancers. The variations in vitamin C transporter genes may regulate the active transport of vitamin C, and therefore have an impact on cancer risk, but further studies are needed to thoroughly elucidate their involvement in cancer biology.
维生素 C 因其在氧化还原平衡中的独特性质而参与各种身体功能。此外，维生素 C 还在恢复 2-氧代戊二酸和 Fe 依赖性双氧酶（2-OGDD）的活性方面发挥重要作用，这些酶参与主动 DNA 去甲基化（TET 蛋白）、组蛋白去甲基化和缺氧过程。因此，维生素 C 可能参与基因表达的调控或处于缺氧状态。因此，维生素 C 因其对癌症治疗的合理作用而备受关注。自概念提出以来，维生素 C 在癌症治疗中的作用一直是一个有争议和有争议的问题。维生素 C 通过钠依赖性转运体（SVCTs）和葡萄糖转运体（GLUT）转运到细胞中。然而，尚不清楚这些转运体功能的受损是否会导致癌变和肿瘤进展。值得注意的是，先前的研究已经确定了 SVCTs 的多态性或它们在某些类型癌症中的改变表达。本综述讨论了维生素 C 的潜在作用和 SVCT 功能受损在癌症中的作用。维生素 C 转运体基因的变异可能调节维生素 C 的主动转运，从而对癌症风险产生影响，但需要进一步研究来彻底阐明它们在癌症生物学中的作用。
