Moro Loredana
Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetic and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/O, 70125 Bari, Italy.
Biology (Basel). 2020 Dec 18;9(12):479. doi: 10.3390/biology9120479.
Mitochondria are highly dynamic and regulated organelles implicated in a variety of important functions in the cell, including energy production, fatty acid metabolism, iron homeostasis, programmed cell death, and cell signaling. Changes in mitochondrial metabolism, signaling and dynamics are hallmarks of cancer. Understanding whether these modifications are associated with alterations of the mitochondrial proteome is particularly relevant from a translational point of view because it may contribute to better understanding the molecular bases of cancer development and progression and may provide new potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers as well as novel molecular targets for anti-cancer treatment. Making an inventory of the mitochondrial proteins has been particularly challenging given that there is no unique consensus targeting sequence that directs protein import into mitochondria, some proteins are present at very low levels, while other proteins are expressed only in some cell types, in a particular developmental stage or under specific stress conditions. This review aims at providing the state-of-the-art on methodologies used to characterize the mitochondrial proteome in tumors and highlighting the biological relevance of changes in expression and delocalization of proteins in and out the mitochondria in cancer biology.
线粒体是高度动态且受调控的细胞器，参与细胞内多种重要功能，包括能量产生、脂肪酸代谢、铁稳态、程序性细胞死亡和细胞信号传导。线粒体代谢、信号传导和动力学的变化是癌症的标志。从转化医学的角度来看，了解这些修饰是否与线粒体蛋白质组的改变相关尤为重要，因为这可能有助于更好地理解癌症发生和发展的分子基础，并可能提供新的潜在预后和诊断生物标志物以及抗癌治疗的新分子靶点。鉴于没有独特的一致靶向序列指导蛋白质导入线粒体，一些蛋白质水平极低，而其他蛋白质仅在某些细胞类型、特定发育阶段或特定应激条件下表达，因此对线粒体蛋白质进行清点一直极具挑战性。本综述旨在介绍用于表征肿瘤中线粒体蛋白质组的方法的最新进展，并强调癌症生物学中线粒体内外蛋白质表达和定位变化的生物学相关性。
