Expression of cell-surface antigens on rat colonic cancer cells.

Previously, we reported that two glycoproteins, carcinoembryonic antigen and secretory component, are preferentially expressed on the apical or laterobasal surfaces, respectively, of normal human colonic epithelial cells, whereas these antigens may be expressed over the entire cell surface of colonic cancer cells. These observations have prompted us to develop an animal model of aberrantly distributed normal surface antigens in colonic carcinoma. We prepared four monoclonal antibodies, three of which react specifically with antigens located on the microvillus surface and one that reacts specifically with the laterobasal surface of normal rat colonocytes. Three of the four cell-surface antigens were expressed by cells at all levels of the colonic crypt, but one of the microvillar antigens (p66) was expressed only on the mature colonocytes at the luminal surface. We then documented that a microvillus antigen (p66) detected by one of the antibodies and a laterobasal membrane antigen detected by another antibody were expressed over the entire surface of poorly differentiated colonic carcinoma cells induced by dimethylhydrazine. p66 was more often expressed on poorly differentiated colonic cancers than were the other three antigens. These observations indicate that (a) polarity of surface membrane antigens is a characteristic of normal rat colonic epithelial cells, (b) this polarity is not present in some experimental colonic carcinomas, and (c) the malignant phenotype of colonic carcinoma cells does not result merely from a block in normal differentiation of colonocytes.