Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Heidelberg University, Germany.
J Appl Gerontol. 2021 Dec;40(12):1697-1705. doi: 10.1177/0733464820979258. Epub 2020 Dec 22.
Past research documents a discordance between perceived and objectively assessed neighborhood environmental features on walking behavior. Therefore, we examined differences in the perception of the same neighborhood built environment. Participants were grouped if they lived 400 m or closer to each other. The perception of the pedestrian infrastructure, neighborhood aesthetics, safety from crime, and safety from traffic was derived from a telephone survey from two North American metropolitan areas; 173 individuals were clustered into 42 groups. Older adults who walked for transport in their neighborhood experienced the same neighborhood as more walkable (β = .19; = .011) with better pedestrian infrastructure (β = .16; = .037). Older adults with physical limitations experienced the same neighborhood as less safe from crime (β = -.17; = .030) and traffic (β = -.20; = .009). The study supports the notion that individual behavior and physical restrictions alter the environment's perception and explains part of the discordance between objective and subjective assessment of the neighborhood environment.
过去的研究表明，人们对邻里环境特征的感知与客观评估之间存在差异，这种差异会影响人们的步行行为。因此，我们研究了对同一邻里建成环境的感知差异。如果参与者彼此居住的距离在 400 米或以内，就将他们分为一组。参与者通过电话调查来自两个北美大都市地区来评估行人基础设施、邻里美感、犯罪安全感和交通安全感；173 人被分为 42 组。在邻里中步行出行的老年人认为邻里更适合步行（β =.19；p =.011），行人基础设施更好（β =.16；p =.037）。身体有障碍的老年人认为邻里的犯罪安全感（β = -.17；p =.030）和交通安全感（β = -.20；p =.009）更差。这项研究支持了这样一种观点，即个体行为和身体限制会改变环境感知，并解释了邻里环境的客观评估和主观评估之间存在差异的部分原因。
