Cohen Moshe-Ishay, Jörg Christina, Lumer Yaakov, Plotnik Yonatan, Waller Erik H, Schulz Julian, von Freymann Georg, Segev Mordechai
Physics Department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel.
Solid State Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel.
Light Sci Appl. 2020 Dec 22;9(1):200. doi: 10.1038/s41377-020-00411-7.
Artificial gauge fields the control over the dynamics of uncharged particles by engineering the potential landscape such that the particles behave as if effective external fields are acting on them. Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in artificial gauge fields generated either by the geometry or by time-dependent modulation, as they have been enablers of topological phenomena and synthetic dimensions in many physical settings, e.g., photonics, cold atoms, and acoustic waves. Here, we formulate and experimentally demonstrate the generalized laws of refraction and reflection at an interface between two regions with different artificial gauge fields. We use the symmetries in the system to obtain the generalized Snell law for such a gauge interface and solve for reflection and transmission. We identify total internal reflection (TIR) and complete transmission and demonstrate the concept in experiments. In addition, we calculate the artificial magnetic flux at the interface of two regions with different artificial gauge fields and present a method to concatenate several gauge interfaces. As an example, we propose a scheme to make a gauge imaging system-a device that can reconstruct (image) the shape of an arbitrary wavepacket launched from a certain position to a predesigned location.
人工规范场通过设计势场来控制不带电粒子的动力学，使得粒子的行为就好像有有效的外场作用于它们一样。近年来，人们对由几何结构或随时间变化的调制产生的人工规范场的兴趣日益浓厚，因为它们在许多物理场景中，如光子学、冷原子和声波中，促成了拓扑现象和合成维度。在此，我们阐述并通过实验证明了在具有不同人工规范场的两个区域之间的界面处的广义折射和反射定律。我们利用系统中的对称性来获得这种规范界面的广义斯涅尔定律，并求解反射和透射问题。我们确定了全内反射（TIR）和完全透射，并在实验中演示了这一概念。此外，我们计算了具有不同人工规范场的两个区域界面处的人工磁通量，并提出了一种连接多个规范界面的方法。作为一个例子，我们提出了一种制作规范成像系统——一种能够重建（成像）从特定位置发射到预先设计位置的任意波包形状的装置——的方案。
