Aronson T A, Logue C M
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook 11794-8101.
J Clin Psychiatry. 1988 Jan;49(1):8-13.
The phenomenology of panic disorder and panic attacks was systematically assessed in 46 consecutive patients. The results suggest that DSM-III criteria include several symptoms that are not frequently present during a panic attack and that DSM-III's characterization of a panic attack is imprecise and misleading. Panic attacks were found to vary in intensity, frequency, spontaneity, and associated symptoms. A panic attack typically presents as a unified symptom complex of psychic anxiety and multiple somatic symptoms in multiple body systems. It occurs in a crescendolike pattern, is self-limited, and often leaves the subject weak or shaken. The temporal course as much as the symptomatic presentation defines a panic attack.
对46例连续就诊的惊恐障碍和惊恐发作患者的现象学进行了系统评估。结果表明，《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM-III）的标准包含了一些在惊恐发作时不常出现的症状，且DSM-III对惊恐发作的描述不准确且具有误导性。发现惊恐发作在强度、频率、自发性及相关症状方面存在差异。惊恐发作通常表现为一种精神焦虑与多个身体系统多种躯体症状相结合的统一症状复合体。它以渐进性方式发作，具有自限性，且常使患者感到虚弱或震颤。惊恐发作的时间进程与症状表现同样重要。
