Luna Odessa, Rapp John T
St. Cloud State University, MN, USA.
Auburn University, AL, USA.
Behav Modif. 2022 May;46(3):651-685. doi: 10.1177/0145445520982976. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
Researchers have shown that adolescents in residential treatment facilities benefit from behavior-analytic intervention. However, it remains unclear whether practitioners can apply behavioral interventions to increase staff members' appropriate interactions with residents within a juvenile justice facility. In Study 1, researchers compared direct measures of staff behavior in three target dorms (D1, D2, and D3) containing high levels of resident disruptive behavior to a dorm (D4) with consistently low levels of resident disruptive behavior. Results indicated that staff members in the target dorms engaged in significantly higher rates of reprimands and negative statements than in D4. In Study 2, researchers used didactic and video instruction to train staff members in D1, D2, and D3 to increase contingent and noncontingent praise delivery. Results indicated praise delivery by staff members increased slightly in each target dorm. In Study 3, researchers first evaluated the extent to which measures of staff members' and residents' behaviors improved following training within each dorm. Subsequently, researchers compared the post-training behavioral measures from D1, D2 and D3 to D4 to determine the extent to which staff behavior in the training dorms was distinguishable from D4. Results of Study 3 indicated that one or more staff behaviors improved in each training dorm. Nevertheless, residents' disruptive behavior was unchanged in each target dorm. In addition, staff members' behavior in each target dorm continued to be distinguishable from staff members' behavior in D4 on most behavioral measures.
研究人员表明，在寄宿治疗机构中的青少年受益于行为分析干预。然而，目前尚不清楚从业者是否可以应用行为干预措施来增加少年司法机构中工作人员与居民之间的适当互动。在研究1中，研究人员将三个存在高水平居民破坏行为的目标宿舍（D1、D2和D3）中工作人员行为的直接测量结果与一个居民破坏行为水平一直较低的宿舍（D4）进行了比较。结果表明，目标宿舍中的工作人员发出斥责和负面陈述的频率明显高于D4宿舍。在研究2中，研究人员使用讲授和视频教学法对D1、D2和D3宿舍的工作人员进行培训，以增加有条件和无条件表扬的给予。结果表明，每个目标宿舍中工作人员给予表扬的次数略有增加。在研究3中，研究人员首先评估了每个宿舍内工作人员和居民行为的测量指标在培训后改善的程度。随后，研究人员将D1、D2和D3宿舍培训后的行为测量指标与D4宿舍进行比较，以确定培训宿舍中工作人员的行为与D4宿舍行为的区别程度。研究3的结果表明，每个培训宿舍中一种或多种工作人员行为得到了改善。然而，每个目标宿舍中居民的破坏行为没有变化。此外，在大多数行为测量指标上，每个目标宿舍中工作人员的行为仍然与D4宿舍中工作人员的行为有所不同。
