Sengupta Pallabi, Bose Debopriya, Chatterjee Subhrangsu
Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
Chembiochem. 2021 May 4;22(9):1517-1537. doi: 10.1002/cbic.202000703. Epub 2021 Feb 5.
G-Quadruplex (GQ) and i-motif structures are the paradigmatic examples of nonclassical tetrastranded nucleic acids having multifarious biological functions and widespread applications in therapeutics and material science. Recently, tetraplexes emerged as promising anticancer targets due to their structural robustness, gene-regulatory roles, and predominant distribution at specific loci of oncogenes. However, it is arguable whether the i-motif evolves in the complementary single-stranded region after GQ formation in its opposite strand and vice versa. In this review, we address the prerequisites and significance of the simultaneous and/or mutually exclusive formation of GQ and i-motif structures at complementary and sequential positions in duplexes in the cellular milieu. We discussed how their dynamic interplay Sets up cellular homeostasis and exacerbates carcinogenesis. The review gives insights into the spatiotemporal formation of GQ and i-motifs that could be harnessed to design different types of reporter systems and diagnostic platforms for potential bioanalytical and therapeutic intervention.
G-四链体（GQ）和i-基序结构是非经典四链核酸的典型例子，具有多种生物学功能，在治疗学和材料科学中有着广泛应用。最近，四链体因其结构稳定性、基因调控作用以及在癌基因特定位点的主要分布，成为了有前景的抗癌靶点。然而，在其互补链中，GQ形成后i-基序是否会在互补单链区域进化，反之亦然，这是有争议的。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了在细胞环境中双链体互补和连续位置同时和/或互斥形成GQ和i-基序结构的先决条件和意义。我们讨论了它们的动态相互作用如何建立细胞内稳态并加剧致癌作用。这篇综述深入探讨了GQ和i-基序的时空形成，可用于设计不同类型的报告系统和诊断平台，以进行潜在的生物分析和治疗干预。
