Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
Ganzhou Plant Protection Department of Fruit Industry/Jiangxi Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
Phytopathology. 2021 Aug;111(8):1361-1368. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-09-20-0436-R. Epub 2021 Sep 16.
Huanglongbing (HLB) is a devastating citrus disease worldwide. A three-pronged approach to controlling HLB has been suggested, namely, removal of HLB-symptomatic trees, psyllid control, and replacement with HLB-free trees. However, such a strategy did not lead to successful HLB control in many citrus-producing regions, such as Florida. We hypothesize that this is because of the small-scale or incomprehensive implementation of the program; conversely, a comprehensive implementation of such a strategy at the regional level can successfully control HLB. To test our hypothesis, we investigated the effects of region-wide comprehensive implementation of this scheme to control HLB in Gannan region, China, with a total planted citrus acreage of over 110,000 ha from 2013 to 2019. With the region-wide implementation of comprehensive HLB management, the overall HLB incidence in Gannan decreased from 19.71% in 2014 to 3.86% in 2019. A partial implementation of such a program (without a comprehensive inoculum removal) at the regional level in Brazil resulted in HLB incidence increasing from 1.89% in 2010 to 19.02% in 2019. Using dynamic regression model analyses with data from both Brazil and China, we constructed a model to predict HLB incidence when all three components were applied at 100%. It was predicated that in a region-wide comprehensive implementation of such a program, HLB incidence would be controlled to a level of less than 1%. We conducted economic feasibility analyses and showed that average net profits were positive for groves that implemented the comprehensive strategy, but groves that did not implement it had negative net profits over a 10-year period. Overall, the key for the three-pronged program to successfully control HLB is the large scale (region-wide) and comprehensiveness in implementation. This study provides valuable information to control HLB and other economically important endemic diseases worldwide.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
黄龙病（HLB）是一种世界性的毁灭性柑橘病害。人们提出了一种三管齐下的 HLB 控制方法，即清除 HLB 症状树、控制木虱和用 HLB 无病树替换。然而，在佛罗里达州等许多柑橘产区，这种策略并没有成功控制 HLB。我们假设这是由于该计划实施规模较小或不全面；相反，在区域层面上全面实施这一策略可以成功控制 HLB。为了验证我们的假设，我们调查了从 2013 年到 2019 年，在中国赣南地区全面实施这一方案控制 HLB 的效果，赣南地区柑橘种植总面积超过 11 万公顷。随着该地区全面实施综合 HLB 管理，赣南地区 HLB 的总体发病率从 2014 年的 19.71%下降到 2019 年的 3.86%。在巴西，该方案在区域层面上的部分实施（没有全面清除接种体）导致 HLB 的发病率从 2010 年的 1.89%上升到 2019 年的 19.02%。我们使用来自巴西和中国的数据进行动态回归模型分析，构建了一个模型来预测当三个部分都应用于 100%时 HLB 的发病率。该模型预测，在该方案的全面区域实施中，HLB 的发病率将控制在 1%以下。我们进行了经济可行性分析，结果表明，对于实施综合策略的果园，平均净利润为正，但在 10 年内，未实施该策略的果园则出现负净利润。总的来说，三管齐下的方案成功控制 HLB 的关键是实施的大规模（区域范围）和全面性。本研究为控制 HLB 和其他在世界范围内具有重要经济意义的地方病提供了有价值的信息。
