School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021;61(18):2969-2983. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1864280. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
As a ubiquitous and essential part of phytophysiology, phytohormones have attracted tremendous attention for effective regulation of development and senescence of agricultural products. However, the postharvest mechanisms of phytohormones have not been thoroughly understood. This review provides an overview of common phytohormones for extending the shelf life of fruit and vegetables. The modulation principles are discussed in detail based on defence gene expression activation, sensitivity of senescence-related phytohormones inhibition, antioxidant enzymes activity stimulation, and cell membrane integrity maintenance. The applications of jasmonates, salicylic acids, cytokinins, gibberellins, polyamines, and brassinosteroids in preserving fruit and vegetables based on defence signaling network stimulation, senescence-related phytohormones expression or sensitivity repression, as well as antioxidant system enhancement and cell membrane integrity sustentation are introduced. The challenges and problems to be solved are discussed, and new trends of expanding lifespan by combining phytohormones with other treatments are also suggested. Although phytohormones have been demonstrated to have promising efforts in maintaining agricultural products, more novel and effective combination treatments should be developed to complement each other.
作为植物生理学中普遍存在且至关重要的一部分，植物激素因其对农产品发育和衰老的有效调控而受到了极大的关注。然而，植物激素的采后作用机制尚未被完全理解。本综述概述了常见的植物激素在延长水果和蔬菜货架期方面的应用。详细讨论了基于防御基因表达激活、抑制与衰老相关的植物激素敏感性、刺激抗氧化酶活性以及维持细胞膜完整性的调节原理。此外，还介绍了茉莉酸、水杨酸、细胞分裂素、赤霉素、多胺和油菜素内酯基于防御信号网络刺激、与衰老相关的植物激素表达或敏感性抑制以及抗氧化系统增强和细胞膜完整性维持在水果和蔬菜保鲜中的应用。讨论了所面临的挑战和问题，并提出了结合植物激素与其他处理方法来扩大寿命的新趋势。尽管植物激素在维持农产品方面已经显示出了有前景的作用，但仍需要开发更多新颖且有效的组合处理方法来相互补充。
