Zhu Jing-Jing, Shan Ning-Ning
Department of Haematology, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
J Int Med Res. 2020 Dec;48(12):300060520976477. doi: 10.1177/0300060520976477.
Considerable attention has been paid to interleukin (IL)-35 because of its immunosuppressive effects in a variety of autoimmune diseases. IL-35, a recently identified cytokine of the IL-12 family, is a negative regulatory factor secreted by IL-35-inducible regulatory T cells (iTr35 cells) and the recently reported regulatory B cells (B cells). Four biological effects of IL-35 have been discovered and : (i) suppression of T cell proliferation; (ii) conversion of naive T cells into iTr35 cells; (iii) downregulation of type 17 helper T (T17) cells; and (iv) conversion of B cells into a B subset that produces IL-35 and IL-10. IL-35 plays an important role in a variety of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, allergic asthma and systemic lupus erythematosus. Primary immune thrombocytopaenia (ITP), which is characterized by isolated thrombocytopaenia and mild mucocutaneous to life-threatening bleeding, is an autoimmune disease with complex dysregulation of the immune system. Both antibody-mediated and/or T cell-mediated platelet destruction are key processes. In addition, impairment of T cells and cytokine imbalances have now been recognized to be important. This review summarizes the immunomodulatory effects of IL-35 and its role in the pathogenesis of ITP as mediated by T and B cells.
由于白细胞介素（IL）-35在多种自身免疫性疾病中具有免疫抑制作用，因此受到了广泛关注。IL-35是IL-12家族中最近发现的一种细胞因子，是由IL-35诱导性调节性T细胞（iTr35细胞）和最近报道的调节性B细胞（B细胞）分泌的负调节因子。已经发现IL-35有四种生物学效应：（i）抑制T细胞增殖；（ii）将初始T细胞转化为iTr35细胞；（iii）下调17型辅助性T（T17）细胞；（iv）将B细胞转化为产生IL-35和IL-10的B细胞亚群。IL-35在多种自身免疫性疾病中起重要作用，如类风湿性关节炎、过敏性哮喘和系统性红斑狼疮。原发性免疫性血小板减少症（ITP）以孤立性血小板减少和轻度黏膜皮肤出血至危及生命的出血为特征，是一种免疫系统复杂失调的自身免疫性疾病。抗体介导和/或T细胞介导的血小板破坏都是关键过程。此外，现在已经认识到T细胞功能障碍和细胞因子失衡很重要。本综述总结了IL-35的免疫调节作用及其在T和B细胞介导的ITP发病机制中的作用。
