Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
SAHARA J. 2020 Dec;17(1):38-44. doi: 10.1080/17290376.2020.1857300.
Extensive discriminatory attitudes in a population can affect people's willingness to be tested for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), their initiation of antiretroviral therapy, social support as well as the quality of life of people infected with HIV. This study aimed to assess factors associated with discriminatory attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Secondary data analysis was conducted using data from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic Health Survey. A total of 26,623 adult populations were included. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with discriminatory attitudes. The proportion of participants having discriminatory attitudes towards PLWHA was 93.8% among men and 64.5% among women. This study revealed that rural residence, no formal education, lack of media access, not previously tested for HIV and lack of comprehensive HIV knowledge increase the odds of having discriminatory attitudes. In conclusion, there is a high-level discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. Improvement in HIV-related knowledge and dealing with wrong perceptions and myths are extremely vital to reduce discriminatory attitudes towards HIV-infected people. Information, education and communication programmes need to intensify its educational campaigns to dispel these misconceptions.
在人群中存在广泛的歧视态度会影响人们接受人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）检测的意愿、开始接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的意愿、获得社会支持以及感染 HIV 人群的生活质量。本研究旨在评估与对艾滋病毒感染者/艾滋病患者（PLWHA）的歧视态度相关的因素。使用 2016 年埃塞俄比亚人口健康调查的数据进行了二次数据分析。共纳入了 26623 名成年人群。采用多变量逻辑回归分析来确定与歧视态度相关的因素。在男性中，有 93.8%的参与者对 PLWHA 持有歧视态度，在女性中，这一比例为 64.5%。本研究表明，农村居住、没有正规教育、缺乏媒体接触、以前未接受过 HIV 检测以及缺乏全面的 HIV 知识会增加持有歧视态度的几率。总之，对 PLWHA 存在高度的歧视态度。提高与 HIV 相关的知识水平，处理错误的观念和误解，对于减少对 HIV 感染者的歧视态度至关重要。信息、教育和宣传方案需要加强其教育活动，以消除这些误解。
