Sport Science School of Rio Maior (ESDRM-IPSantarém), Rio Maior, Portugal.
Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), Santarém, Portugal.
Percept Mot Skills. 2021 Apr;128(2):800-812. doi: 10.1177/0031512520983078. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
Previous studies have investigated the impact of exercisers' perceptions of health professionals' interpersonal behaviors on exercisers' exercise adherence. From these studies, there is increased interest in developing and evaluating programs to improve health professionals' communication skills and interpersonal behavior. In this narrative review, we provide examples of self-determination theory and newer modifications to it, discuss the empirical conditions that foster optimal exerciser motivation, consider the antecedent factors influencing health professionals' behaviors, and offer practical suggestions to health professionals seeking to promote regular exercise practice. Since exercisers perceive and differentiate health professionals' need-supportive, need-thwarting, and need-passive behaviors, health professionals who can critically and consciously distinguish these different types of behavior are more likely to foster supportive climates and suppress the use of need-thwarting and need-indifferent behaviors. The interpersonal interaction between health professionals and exercisers strongly influences how exercisers will regulate their behavior toward persistent exercise.
先前的研究已经调查了锻炼者对健康专业人员人际行为的看法对锻炼者锻炼坚持度的影响。从这些研究中，人们越来越有兴趣开发和评估旨在提高健康专业人员沟通技巧和人际行为的项目。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们提供了自我决定理论的例子和对其的最新修改，讨论了促进锻炼者最佳动机的实证条件，考虑了影响健康专业人员行为的前因因素，并为寻求促进定期锻炼实践的健康专业人员提供了实用建议。由于锻炼者感知和区分健康专业人员的支持需求、阻碍需求和忽视需求的行为，因此能够批判性和有意识地区分这些不同类型行为的健康专业人员更有可能培养支持性氛围，并抑制使用阻碍需求和忽视需求的行为。健康专业人员和锻炼者之间的人际互动强烈影响着锻炼者将如何调节他们持续锻炼的行为。
