Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 205 Duckpond Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, 2001 South Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2021 Mar;37(1):105-123. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2020.10.005. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
Reproductive tract diseases can be a significant cause of subfertility or infertility in male small ruminants. Affected males can usually be identified early by performing routine serologic screening and yearly breeding soundness examinations. Early diagnosis will either maximize treatment success or expedite culling decisions. Once clinical signs of diseases develop, prognosis for breeding ability declines. Veterinary practitioners should used ancillary diagnostic techniques, such as ultrasound examination and laboratory testing to acquire a diagnosis and determine prognosis of reproductive lesions. Some diseases (eg, brucellosis) should be ruled out immediately to cull affected animals and minimize transmission within the herd.
生殖道疾病可能是雄性小反刍动物不孕或不育的重要原因。通过常规血清学筛查和每年的繁殖健康检查，通常可以早期发现受影响的雄性动物。早期诊断将最大限度地提高治疗成功率或加速淘汰决策。一旦出现疾病的临床症状，繁殖能力的预后就会下降。兽医从业者应使用辅助诊断技术，如超声检查和实验室检测来做出诊断并确定生殖器官病变的预后。一些疾病（如布鲁氏菌病）应立即排除，以淘汰受感染的动物，并最大限度地减少在畜群中的传播。
