University of Chicago, United States of America.
Duke University, United States of America.
Prev Med. 2021 Feb;143:106381. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106381. Epub 2020 Dec 29.
Just one in ten nonfatal shootings in Chicago lead to an arrest. Unlike in fatal cases, gunshot victims who survive can often provide information of use in the police investigation. Nonetheless, nonfatal shooting cases in Chicago and elsewhere have much lower arrest rates than fatal cases, in part because most victims do not cooperate. We use data from the Chicago Inmate Survey (CIS) to analyze the potential value that gunshot-victim cooperation could have for increasing arrest rates. Half of CIS respondents reported they had been shot before. Very few cooperated with police investigations of these shootings, although at least half of them could have provided useful information. In fact, victims were more likely to speak with the police when they did not have any information on their shooter. Respondents explained their choice not to cooperate by reference to "street codes" against snitching, mistrust of the police, and the desire to retaliate against the shooter personally. If more shooting victims could be persuaded to cooperate, the police could solve more cases and hence be more effective in curtailing gun violence.
在芝加哥，每十起非致命枪击事件中只有一起导致逮捕。与致命案件不同，幸存的枪击受害者通常可以提供有助于警方调查的信息。尽管如此，芝加哥和其他地方的非致命枪击案件的逮捕率远低于致命案件，部分原因是大多数受害者不配合。我们使用来自芝加哥囚犯调查（CIS）的数据来分析枪击受害者合作可能对提高逮捕率的潜在价值。CIS 的一半受访者报告说他们之前曾被枪击过。他们很少配合警方对这些枪击事件的调查，尽管其中至少有一半人可以提供有用的信息。事实上，当受害者对他们的枪手没有任何信息时，他们更有可能与警方交谈。受访者通过引用“街头准则”来解释他们不合作的原因，例如不告密、不信任警察以及个人报复枪手的愿望。如果能说服更多的枪击受害者合作，警方就能解决更多的案件，从而更有效地遏制枪支暴力。
